血流限制训练预防与治疗足踝部损伤

Blood flow restriction training in the prevention and rehabilitation of foot and ankle injuries

背景:近年来,血流限制训练在踝关节损伤康复治疗中的应用逐渐增多,该技术可提高肌肉力量,尤其是结合低强度抗阻训练时可达到高负荷抗阻训练类似的效果。目的:阐述血流限制训练在预防与康复足踝部损伤中的应用现状。方法:在中国知网、PubMed和Web of Science数据库中进行文献检索,以“血流限制训练,加压训练,足踝,踝关节”为中文检索词,以“blood flow restriction,BFR,KAATSU,ankle,foot”为英文检索词,检索各数据库建库时间至2023年7月的相关文献,根据纳入及排除标准最终纳入50篇文献进行综述。结果与结论:在足踝部的应用中,血流限制训练主要用于对健康人群跟腱厚度和踝部肌力的研究,以及慢性踝关节不稳、跟腱断裂后及外踝骨折后。单次血流限制训练能使健康人群跟腱厚度减小,而长期血流限制训练能使健康人群跟腱厚度增加。血流限制训练能预防健康人群肌力下降,同时低强度血流训练能促进损伤患者踝部肌力的恢复。在目前的研究中很少发现与血流限制相关的不良事件,未来研究应比较不同训练方案在不同人群中的作用疗效,优化研究内容。

BACKGROUND:In recent years,the use of blood flow restriction training in the rehabilitation of ankle injuries has gradually increased,and this technique can improve muscle strength,and can achieve a similar effect of high-load resistance training when combined with low-intensity resistance training.OBJECTIVE:To elucidate the current application status of blood flow restriction training in the prevention and rehabilitation of foot and ankle injuries.METHODS:A literature search was conducted on CNKI,PubMed,and Web of Science databases.The Chinese search terms were“blood flow restriction training,pressure training,ankle,ankle joint,”and the English search terms were“blood flow restriction,BFR,KAATSU,ankle,foot.”Relevant literature from database inception to July 2023 was retrieved,and 50 articles were ultimately included according to inclusion and exclusion criteria.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:In foot and ankle applications,blood flow restriction training is primarily used in studies of Achilles tendon thickness and ankle muscle strength in healthy individuals,as well as in chronic ankle instability,after Achilles tendon ruptures,and after external ankle fractures.Single blood flow restriction training can reduce the thickness of Achilles tendon in healthy individuals,while long-term training can make it thicker.Blood flow restriction training can prevent muscle strength decline in healthy individuals,while low-intensity blood flow training can promote ankle muscle strength recovery in injured patients.In current research,few adverse events related to blood flow restriction have been found,and future research should compare the efficacy of different training programs in different populations and optimize the research content.