土壤硒诱导的普氏原羚铜缺乏研究

Study on selenium of soil induced copper deficiency of Przewalski's gazelles

试验旨在探索普氏原羚铜缺乏的主要原因。试验以铜缺乏高发的布哈河上游地区为试验牧场,鸟岛保护区为对照牧场。选取试验牧场10只铜缺乏普氏原羚(1岁雄性)为试验组,10只对照牧场健康普氏原羚(1岁雄性)为对照组。测定土壤、牧草、血液和肝脏的矿物质含量,分析血常规参数、生化参数以及流变学参数。结果显示:试验牧场的牧草和土壤硒(Se)元素含量极显著低于对照牧场(P<0.01),牧草硫含量极显著高于对照牧场(P<0.01)。试验牧场普氏原羚血液和肝脏硒和铜的含量极显著低于对照牧草(P<0.01),硫含量极显著高于对照牧场(P<0.01);血红蛋白(Hb)、红细胞比容(HCT)、平均红细胞体积(MCV)、平均红细胞血红蛋白量(MCH)均极显著低于对照牧场(P<0.01),谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性极显著低于对照牧场(P<0.01),丙二醛(MDA)水平极显著高于对照牧场(P<0.01);全血中切黏度(MS)显著高于对照牧场(P<0.05),血浆黏度值(PV)极显著低于对照牧场(P<0.01),全血高切还原黏度(RHS)、全血低切黏度(LS)、全血低切还原黏度(RLS)、全血高切表观黏度(HBV)、全血低切表观黏度(LBV)、红细胞刚性指数(IR)、红细胞聚集指数(EAI)、红细胞变形指数(TK)极显著高于对照牧场(P<0.01)。在治疗试验中,10只铜缺乏普氏原羚口服硫酸铜(CuSO_(4))后,贫血症状均治愈,且体内铜水平相比之前明显提升。研究表明,低硒土壤引起牧草硫含量增加,普氏原羚采食高硫牧草导致铜的吸收减少,从而出现继发性铜的缺乏。

The experiment aimed to explore the main causes of copper deficiency in Przewalski's gazelles.The experiment was conducted in the upper reaches of the Buha River,a high-incidence area of copper deficiency,as the experimental pasture,and the Bird Island Protection Area as the control pasture.Ten copper-deficient Przewalski's gazelles(one-year-old males)from the experimental pasture were selected as the experimental group,and ten healthy Przewalski's gazelles(one-year-old males)from the control pasture were selected as the control group.The mineral content of soil,forage,blood,and liver was measured,and blood routine parameters,biochemical parameters,and rheological parameters were analyzed.The results showed that the Se content in the forage and soil of the experimental pasture was extremely lower than that of the control pasture(P<0.01),and the sulfur content in the forage was extremely higher than that of the control pasture(P<0.01).The selenium and copper content in the blood and liver of the experimental pasture were extremely lower than that of the control pasture(P<0.01),and the sulfur content was extremely higher than that of the control pasture(P<0.01).Hb,HCT,MCV,and MCH were all extremely lower than those of the control pasture(P<0.01).The activities of GSH-Px and SOD were extremely lower than those of the control pasture(P<0.01),and the level of MDA was extremely higher than that of the control pasture(P<0.01).MS was significantly higher than that of the control pasture(P<0.05),and PV was extremely lower than that of the control pasture(P<0.01).RHS,LS,RLS,HBV,LBV,IR,EAI,and TK were all extremely higher than those of the control pasture(P<0.01).In the treatment experiment,ten copper-deficient Przewalski's gazelles were orally administered copper sulfate(CuSO_(4)),and the anemia symptoms were cured,and the copper levels in the body were significantly increased compared to before.The study indicates that low selenium soil leads to an increase in sulfur content in forage,and Przewalski's gazelles feeding on high sulfur forage lead to a reduction in copper absorption,thus resulting in secondary copper deficiency.