益生菌发酵中草药对断奶仔猪生长性能、血清免疫指标、抗氧化能力及肠道功能的影响

Effects of probiotic-fermented Chinese herbal medicine on growth performance,serum immune indexes,antioxidant capacity,and intestinal function of weaned piglets

试验旨在研究益生菌发酵中草药对断奶仔猪生长性能、血清免疫指标、抗氧化能力及肠道功能的影响。选择35日龄、体重(8.76±0.54)kg的健康断奶仔猪54头,公、母各半,随机分为3个处理组,每组3个重复,每个重复6头仔猪。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验A组和B组分别在基础饲粮中添加0.5%和1.0%益生菌发酵中草药。试验期为28 d。结果表明:与发酵前的中草药相比,益生菌发酵中草药总黄酮、总生物碱、总皂苷和粗多糖含量显著提高(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,试验A组、B组仔猪平均日增重显著升高(P<0.05),料重比和腹泻率显著降低(P<0.05);试验A组、B组血清中免疫球蛋白A(IgA)、免疫球蛋白G(IgG)、免疫球蛋白M(IgM)、补体C3和补体C4含量均显著高于对照组(P<0.05);试验A组、B组仔猪血清总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)、总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)及过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性均显著升高(P<0.05),血清丙二醛(MDA)含量显著降低(P<0.05);试验A组、B组小肠中乳酸杆菌和酵母菌数量显著升高(P<0.05),大肠杆菌和沙门氏菌数量显著降低(P<0.05)。试验A组、B组十二指肠、空肠和回肠绒毛高度和绒隐比(V/C)显著升高(P<0.05),空肠隐窝深度显著降低(P<0.05)。研究表明,在饲粮中添加益生菌发酵中草药改善了断奶仔猪的生长性能、免疫功能、抗氧化能力及肠道功能,且以添加0.5%的益生菌中草药的效果较好。

The experiment aimed to study the effects of probiotic-fermented Chinese herbal medicine on the growth performance,serum immune indexes,antioxidant capacity,and intestinal function of weaned piglets.A total of 54 healthy weaned piglets,aged 35 days and weighing(8.76±0.54)kg,were selected,half in male and female,randomly divided into three treatment groups,with three replicates in each group and six piglets in each replicate.The control group was fed a basal diet,while the experimental group A and group B were supplemented with 0.5%and 1.0%of probiotic-fermented Chinese herbal medicine in the basal diet,respectively.The trial period was 28 days.The results showed that compared to the Chinese herbal medicine before fermentation,the total flavonoids,total alkaloids,total saponins,and crude polysaccharides in the probiotic-fermented Chinese herbal medicine significantly increased(P<0.05).Compared to the control group,the average daily weight gain significantly increased(P<0.05),and the feed conversion ratio and diarrhea rate significantly decreased in group A and group B(P<0.05).The levels of immunoglobulin A(IgA),immunoglobulin G(IgG),immunoglobulin M(IgM),complement C3,and complement C4 in the serum were significantly higher in group A and group B than in the control group(P<0.05).The total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC),and the activities of total superoxide dismutase(T-SOD),glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px),and catalase(CAT)in the serum of piglets in group A and group B were significantly increased(P<0.05),while the concentration of malondialdehyde(MDA)in the serum was significantly reduced(P<0.05).The levels of Lactobacillus and yeast in the small intestine of group A and group B significantly increased(P<0.05),while E.coli and Salmonella significantly decreased(P<0.05).The villus height and villus-to-crypt ratio(V/C)in the duodenum,jejunum,and ileum of group A and group B significantly increased(P<0.05),and the crypt depth in the jejunum significantly decreased(P<0.05).The study indicates that the addition of probiotic-fermented Chinese herbal medicine to the diet improves the growth performance,immune function,antioxidant capacity,and intestinal function of weaned piglets,and the effect of 0.5%probiotic-fermented Chinese herbal medicine is better.