不同添加剂对大豆、玉米全株混合青贮发酵效果的影响

Effects of different additives on fermentation effect of soybean-corn whole plant mixed silage

试验旨在探讨乳酸菌、纤维素酶、糖蜜、乳酸菌+纤维素酶及乳酸菌+糖蜜对陇东南地区大豆、玉米全株混合(2∶3)裹包青贮饲料发酵效果的影响。试验分为6组,每组3个重复。对照组无添加剂,添加组分别添加0.01 g/kg乳酸菌、0.005 g/kg纤维素酶、50 g/kg糖蜜、0.01 g/kg乳酸菌+0.005 g/kg纤维素酶、0.01 g/kg乳酸菌+50 g/kg糖蜜。常温青贮60 d,对混合裹包青贮饲料的营养品质、发酵品质和有氧稳定性进行检测分析。结果显示,与对照组相比,添加剂组青贮饲料的干物质、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、磷和乳酸含量均有所增加,中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维含量以及pH值、氨态氮/总氮值均降低,其中乳酸菌+糖蜜组的变化幅度最大,发酵效果最好,有氧稳定性维持时间最长,与对照组相比差异显著(P<0.05)。研究表明,在大豆、玉米全株混合裹包青贮饲料中添加乳酸菌、纤维素酶、糖蜜、乳酸菌+纤维素酶及乳酸菌+糖蜜均可以提高混合青贮饲料的营养品质,改善发酵效果,增加饲料有氧稳定性维持时间,以添加乳酸菌+糖蜜组效果最佳。

The experiment aimed to investigate the impact of lactic acid bacteria,cellulase,molasses,lactic acid bacteria+cellulase,and lactic acid bacteria+molasses on the fermentation effect of the soybean-corn whole plant mixed(2∶3)wrapped silage feed in the southeastern region of Gansu.The experiment was divided into six groups,with three replicates in each group.The control group had no additives,while the additive groups were supplemented with 0.01 g/kg lactic acid bacteria,0.005 g/kg cellulase,50 g/kg molasses,0.01 g/kg lactic acid bacteria+0.005 g/kg cellulase,and 0.01 g/kg lactic acid bacteria+50 g/kg molasses,respectively.After 60 days of aerobic storage at room temperature,the nutritional quality,fermentation quality,and aerobic stability of the mixed wrapped silage feed were tested and analyzed.The results showed that compared to the control group,the dry matter,crude protein,crude fat,phosphorus,and lactic acid content of the silage feed in the additive groups all increased,while the content of neutral detergent fiber,acid detergent fiber,pH value,and the ratio of ammonia nitrogen to total nitrogen all decreased,with the largest change observed in the lactic acid bacteria+molasses group,which had the best fermentation effect and the longest aerobic stability maintenance time,significantly different from the control group(P<0.05).The study indicates that the addition of lactic acid bacteria,cellulase,molasses,lactic acid bacteria+cellulase,and lactic acid bacteria+molasses to the soybean-corn whole plant mixed wrapped silage feed can improve the nutritional quality of the mixed silage feed,enhance the fermentation effect,and increase the aerobic stability maintenance time of the feed,with the addition of lactic acid bacteria+molasses showing the best effect.