基于飞机运行数据的高度飞行控制仿真研究

Simulation of altitude flight control based on aircraft operation data

针对指定机型的飞行控制仿真在没有获取机型数据包的情况下,难以展现其真实飞行特性的问题,提出一种基于飞机运行数据(快速存取记录器QAR数据)的高度保持控制律仿真方法。该方法在飞行控制仿真中以模糊免疫PID控制器为基础,借鉴生物免疫调节机制中T细胞对抗体的双重影响,根据控制器输出控制量的变化对PID参数进行非线性调整,将仿真系统输出数据与仿真机型真实的QAR数据对比而得到的误差绝对值积分作为优化目标函数,用萤火虫优化算法对免疫反馈调节中的比例系数和抑制系数寻优。最后,以A320为例,在通用飞行动力学模型JSBSim平台上用该方法与传统PID控制进行对比仿真,实验数据表明该方法相比传统PID控制能更好地拟合QAR数据,体现了A320的真实飞行特性。

It is difficult to represent the real flight characteristics of the aircraft by the flight control simulation of the designated aircraft type without getting the aircraft type data package,so an altitude keeping control law simulation method based on aircraft operation data(QAR data by quick access recorder)is proposed.This method is based on fuzzy immune PID(proportional-integral-derivative)controller.By drawing lessons from the double effect of T cells on antibodies in biological immune regulation mechanism,the method adjusts the PID parameters nonlinearly according to the change of the controller output.The absolute error integral obtained by comparing the output data of the simulation system with the real QAR data of the simulation aircraft type is taken as the optimization objective function.The proportion coefficient and inhibition coefficient in immune feedback regulation are optimized by firefly optimization algorithm.A320 is taken as an example.This method is compared with the traditional PID control on the JSBSim platform,which is a general flight dynamics model.The experimental data shows that the proposed method can better fit QAR data and reflect the real flight characteristics of A320 in comparison with the traditional PID control.