大狼毒次生代谢物分析及主要物质化感效应研究

Analysis and Study of Secondary Metabolites and Allelopathic Effects of Main Substances of Euphorbia jolkinii

为探究有毒植物大狼毒(Euphorbia jolkinii)含有的主要化感活性物质及化感效应,本试验运用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱技术(UPLC-MS/MS)对大狼毒次生代谢物进行分析,并采用生物测试法,开展3种代表性次生代谢物对多年生黑麦草(Lolium perenne)和红三叶(Trifolium pratense)种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响研究。结果表明:大狼毒根、茎叶分别含有898种和1025种次生代谢物,分属酚酸类、氨基酸及其衍生物、脂质、黄酮和生物碱等。4-硝基苯酚、奎宁酸和2-苯乙胺等代谢物在根、茎叶中均有检测到且相对丰度较高,对多年生黑麦草和红三叶种子萌发及生长均起到显著的抑制作用(P<0.05),抑制效果存在代谢物差异和“浓度效应”,以4-硝基苯酚抑制最强,2-苯乙胺次之,奎宁酸最弱。综上,大狼毒植株体内次生代谢物种类多,其中4-硝基苯酚和2-苯乙胺等代谢物化感效应较明显,为大狼毒潜在化感活性物质资源化开发利用提供参考依据。

In order to investigate the main allelopathic active substances and allelopathic effects of toxic plant Euphorbia jolkinii,we used UPLC-MS/MS to analyse the secondary metabolites of E.jolkinii and bioassay to carry out a study on the effects of three representative secondary metabolites on seed germination and seedling growth of Lolium perenne and Trifolium pratense.The results showed that the roots,stems and leaves of E.jolkinii respectively contained 898 and 1025 secondary metabolites,which belonged to phenolic acids,amino acids and their derivatives,lipids,flavonoids,alkaloids,organic acids,etc.4-nitrophenol,quinic acid and 2-phenylethylamine were all detected in roots,stems and leaves with relatively high abundance,and had significant inhibitory effects on seed germination and growth of Lolium perenne and Trifolium pratense(P<0.05).The inhibitory effects existed in the differences of metabolites and the"concentration effect",with 4-nitrophenol inhibiting the strongest,following by 2-phenylethylamine and quinic acid.In conclusion,there were many types of secondary metabolites in E.jolkinii plants,among which 4-nitrophenol and 2-phenylethylamine had obvious allelopathic effects,which provided reference for resource utilization of potential allelopathic active substances in E.jolkinii.