基于模块化车辆技术的机场旅客远程接驳系统调度研究

Scheduling Research of Airport Passengers Remote Shuttle System Based on Modular Vehicle Technology

为改善机场远程停车旅客接驳服务水平,本文提出利用模块化车辆技术构建无人驾驶远程接驳系统,以乘客和运营方总经济成本最小为目标,同时考虑系统的安全性、人数守恒和运营质量等约束,构建不等发车时距的调度模型,并使用商业求解器Gurobi求解。为提升模型求解速度,同时设计了遗传算法,并对2种方式的求解速度以及精度进行比较分析。结果表明:Gurobi求解器所求的发车方案为最优,遗传算法求得近似解,二者仅相差3.4%,但遗传算法所需的计算时间是Gurobi的1%;而从解的质量来看,有微小差别的总成本基本也能满足实际运营需要。此外,通过与穿梭巴士发车方案相比,发现基于模块化车辆技术的发车接驳方案总成本降低64.50%,乘客平均等待时间降低76.35%,证明该方案比传统方案具有更好的经济性,并能大幅提高系统的服务水平。

In order to improve the level of remote parking passenger shuttle service at airports,an autonomous remote shuttle system using modular vehicle technology is constructed,with the objective of minimizing the total economic cost for passengers and operators,while considering the constraints of system safety,number of people conservation and operation quality,a dispatching model is constructed with unequal departure time by using a commercial solver Gurobi.To improve the speed in model-solving,a genetic algorithm is also designed,and the speed and accuracy in model-solving of the two methods are compared and analyzed.The results show that the departure solution by Gurobi solver is optimal,and the genetic algorithm obtains an approximate solution with a difference of only 3.4%,but the computation time required by the genetic algorithm is 1%of that of Gurobi;and the total cost with a small difference can basically meet the actual operation needs in terms of the quality of the solution.In addition,by comparing with the shuttle bus departure scheme,it is found that the total cost of the departure scheme based on modular vehicle technology is reduced by 64.50%and the average passenger waiting time is reduced by 76.35%,which proves that the scheme has better economy than the traditional scheme and can significantly improve the service level of the system.