互联网使用对中国居民家庭消费结构的影响及其空间异质性

The impact of Internet use on household consumption structure and spatial heterogeneity in China

基于中国家庭追踪调查(CFPS)数据,对互联网普及与居民家庭消费水平时空演变进行分析,并检验互联网使用是否会对居民家庭消费水平和结构产生影响,是否促进居民家庭消费升级。发现:①互联网使用人数、使用互联网进行商业活动的频率以及居民家庭总消费在时序上均显著增长;东部地区享受型消费占比最高,中部地区发展型消费占比最高,东北地区生存型消费占比最高;互联网使用人数和家庭总消费呈现空间集聚特征,且表现出空间扩张和向西南方向移动的趋势。②互联网使用在促进家庭总消费的同时,也推动家庭消费结构由生存型向发展型和享受型转变。此外,互联网使用对于不同区域、城乡家庭的影响也存在显著差异,在城镇、西部、东北地区家庭消费升级中有更突出的积极作用。

In today’s digital age,the widespread adoption and rapid development of the Internet have profoundly influenced residents’lifestyles and consumption behaviors.The prosperity and development of online consumption,information consumption and other consumption modes promoted by the Internet have made residents’consumption more personalized,diversified and quality.It further affects residents’consumption concepts and preferences.It also changes household consumption expenditure and consumption structure.The Internet has shattered geographical and temporal constraints,enabling global circulation of goods,reducing shopping costs.Consumers,utilizing the Internet,can filter high-quality and cost-effective products,further fueling shopping desires and boosting consumption.Based on the China Family Panel Studies(CFPS),this paper analyzes the spatiotemporal evolution of Internet penetration and residents’household consumption level.It examines whether Internet usage influences residents’household consumption level and structure,fostering an upgrade in household consumption.The results show that:1)The number of Chinese residents using the Internet,the frequency of using the Internet for commercial activities and the total household consumption expenditure of Chinese households show a significant growth trend in time series.The eastern region has the highest proportion of enjoyment-oriented consumption.The central region has the highest proportion of development-oriented consumption.Northeast China has the highest proportion of subsistence consumption.The number of Internet users and total household consumption show the characteristics of spatial agglomeration,and also show the trend of spatial expansion and southwest movement.2)While promoting total household consumption,Internet usage also promotes the transformation of household consumption structure from survival-oriented to development-oriented and enjoyment-oriented.In addition,there are also significant differences in the impact of Internet usage on different regions.There are more prominent positive effects in household consumption upgrading in urban areas and western and northeastern regions.