2020—2021年甘肃省庆阳市农村生活饮用水指标监测结果分析

Analysis on monitoring results of rural drinking water indicators from 2020 to 2021 in Qingyang City,Gansu Province

目的了解庆阳市农村生活饮用水指标达标情况,为改水、引水及治理、提升水质提供参考依据。方法对2020—2021年庆阳市农村330个水质监测点丰水期、枯水期各监测1次,依据相关标准分别进行检验和卫生学评价。结果共采集饮用水1320份,总合格率为75.30%,各县(区)合格率比较差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=62.10,P<0.05)。共监测33项指标,其中,有10项指标未达标。对未达标指标进行监测,其合格率从高到低居前4位的依次为溶解性总固体99.24%、氯化物99.09%、总硬度98.79%、浑浊度97.58%,各监测指标合格率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=494.86,P<0.05)。丰水期与枯水期合格率分别为82.27%、68.33%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=34.48,P<0.05)。结论针对庆阳市农村饮用水存在的问题,建议提高监测频次、扩大监测范围,同时采取净化、改水、引水和有效利用自然降水等措施,不断提高农村饮用水质量。

Objective To understand the compliance of 33 indicators of rural drinking water in Qingyang City,so as to provide reference basis for water diversion,treatment,government and improvement of water quality.Methods 330 water quality monitoring points in rural areas of Qingyang City from 2020 to 2021 were monitored once in wet season and once in dry season.The inspection and hygienic evaluation were carried out respectively according to relevant standards.Results A total of 1320 rural drinking water samples were collected,with a total qualified rate of 75.30%.There was significant difference in the qualified rate among counties(χ^(2)=62.10,P<0.05);among the 33 indicators,10 indicators failed to meet the standard.The indicators failed to meet the standard were monitored,the top four indicators in terms of compliance rate from high to low were dissolved total solids 99.24%,chloride 99.09%,total hardness 98.79%and turbidity 97.58%.There was a statistically significant difference in the qualified rate of each monitoring indicators(χ^(2)=494.86,P<0.05).The qualified rates in wet season and dry season were 82.27%and 68.33%respectively(χ^(2)=34.48,P<0.05).Conclusion In response to the problems with rural drinking water in Qingyang City,it is suggested to improve the monitoring frequency,expand the monitoring scope,and take measures such as purification,water improvement,water diversion and effective use of natural precipitation to continuously improve the quality of rural drinking water.