微生物菌剂对猪粪-稻糠混合堆肥的影响

Effects of Microbial Agents on Mixed Composting of Pig Manure and Rice Chaff

为了研究微生物菌剂应用于生猪粪污堆肥的实际效果,以筛选到的具有较强有机物分解能力和高温耐受性的2种菌株(枯草芽孢杆菌和酿酒酵母菌)为材料,设置不添加菌剂(CK)、添加菌剂1(T1)、添加菌剂2(T2)共3个处理,开展了堆肥试验。结果表明:添加2种微生物菌剂均有助于加速猪粪堆体升温,效果T2优于T1;添加2种微生物制剂可以降低猪粪堆肥的电导率,从而降低堆肥对土壤可能带来的盐渍化影响,效果T2优于T1;添加微生物制剂可以提高种子的发芽指数,减弱对植物的毒害,且T1与T2差距不大;添加微生物制剂可以减少堆肥氮损失,效果T2优于T1。因此,2种试验菌株可以提高堆肥效率,减少氮素损失,且有助于解决堆肥带来的环境问题。

This study aims to reveal the effects of microbial agents on pig manure composting.Two bacterial strains(Bacillus subtilis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae)with strong organic matter-decomposing capabilities and high temperature tolerance selected in the previous study were used in this study.The composting experiment was conducted with three treatments:no addition of microbial agent(CK),addition of microbial agent 1(T1),and addition of microbial agent 2(T2).The results showed that the addition of two microbial agents accelerated the temperature rising of the compost,and T2 outperformed T1.The addition of the two microbial agents reduced the conductivity of the compost to attenuate the possible soil salinization caused by composting,and T2 outperformed T1.Compared with CK,the addition of microbial agents increased the germination index of seeds and reduced the toxicity to plants,with similar effects between T1 and T2.In addition,adding microbial agents reduced the nitrogen loss of the compost compared with CK,and the effect of T2 was better than that of T1.In conclusion,the two strains can improve the composting efficiency,reduce the nitrogen loss,and help to address the environmental problems caused by composting.