三维视角下整合设立背信罪的思考

A Reflection on the Crime of Breach of Trust from a Three-dimensional Perspective

在《中华人民共和国刑法修正案(十二)》修改的背景下,背信罪再次进入大众视野。整合设立背信罪需要以“理论—实践—具体可行性”的递进式逻辑视角进行判断。理论层面确定其正当性:回应背信罪的构成要件并非模糊、背信罪的设立并非会沦为口袋罪的两层问题,为设立背信罪提供理论正当性。实践层面确定其必要性:通过刑法修正案的频繁介入但弊大于利、法秩序统一性的构建有赖于整合设立背信罪的两个角度,为设立背信罪提供实践必要性。规范层面讨论其可行性:从设立背信罪的构成要件与设定兜底条款的双重视角,为设定背信罪提供具体可行性。

In the context of the revision of Amendment(Ⅻ)to the Criminal Law of the People's Republic of China,the crime of breach of trust has once again entered the public eye.The integration of its establishment needs to be judged from a progressive logical perspective of"theory—practice—concrete feasibility".It is first necessary to determine the legitimacy on the theoretical level,involving that its constitutive elements are not vague,and that its establishment will not be reduced to a pocket crime,which is to provide proper theoretical support for its establishment.Practical necessity is then identified on the practical level,which should depend on two perspectives to provide practical necessi⁃ty.One is the frequent interventions of the criminal law,which does more harm than good;the other is the construction of the legal unity.Finally,its feasibility should be discussed on the normative level.The feasibility can be achieved from the dual perspectives of establishing the constituent elements of the crime of breach of trust and setting up catch-all clauses.