秸秆揉碎机转子静力学特性分析与轻量优化

Static characteristics analysis and lightweight optimization of the rotor of straw crusher

为解决目前秸秆揉碎机能耗高、效率低的问题,对其关键部件转子结构进行设计与计算;采用离散元法与有限元法耦合的方法对转子受载工况下的应力应变进行分析,基于静力学计算结果,在保持转子最大刚度前提下对其拓扑优化;对优化后的转子振动特性分析,确定揉碎机避开共振的工作转速。分析表明:所设计的秸秆揉碎机转子强度和刚度满足使用需求;拓扑优化后转子质量减轻17.19%,优化后转子受力均匀且应力应变较优化前无明显变化;由共振分析可知,揉碎机转速在1550~2300 r/min时,可以满足使用要求且不易发生共振。为饲草加工机械研发和改善其工作性能提供方法参考。

To solve the problems of high energy consumption and low efficiency of the straw crusher,the structural parameters of the key component rotor are designed and calculated.The coupling method of discrete element method and finite element method was used to analyze the stress and strain of the rotor under load condition.Based on the results of statics calculation,the topology optimization design was carried out under the premise of meeting the required stiffness and strength of the rotor.By analyzing the vibration characteristics of the optimized rotor,the working speed of the crusher avoiding resonance could be obtained.The results show that the strength and stiffness of the designed rotor of the straw crusher meet the usage requirements.After topology optimization,the quality of the rotor was reduced by 17.19%.After optimization,the stress of the rotor is uniform,and the stress and strain have no obvious change.According to the resonance analysis,when the rotational speed of the crusher is between 1550-2300 r/min,it can meet the processing requirements and is not prone to resonance.This study can provide a reference for the research and development of this kind of forage processing machinery and improve its working performance.