中美企业战略科技人才对比分析及对我国的启示——以战略性新兴产业为例

Comparative Analysis and Implications of Strategic Scientific and Technological Talents in Chinese and American Enterprises:A Case Study of Strategic Emerging Industries

在全球科技竞争日益加剧的背景下,战略科技人才对国家科技进步和产业升级具有关键影响。通过专利计量分析对中美两国在战略性新兴产业的战略科技人才配置进行了系统比较,发现美国在新一代信息技术和生物科技领域具有明显的人才优势,而中国在高端装备制造、新材料及新能源环保领域展现强劲的人才实力。基于对比分析结果,结合全球发展趋势,提出中国在既有产业优势、产学研合作、基础研究投入、创新生态系统等方面的对策建议。

In the context of intensifying global technological competition,strategic scientific and technological talents are considered crucial to national scientific progress and industrial upgrading.Patent metrology analysis was used to compare the strategic scientific and technological talent distribution in strategic emerging industries between China and the United States.The findings reveal that the United States has a significant talent advantage in new generation information technology and biotechnology,whereas China demonstrates strong talent strength in high-end equipment manufacturing,new materials,and new energy and environmental protection.Based on the comparative analysis and global development trends,strategies are proposed for China in leveraging existing industrial advantages,enhancing industry-academia-research collaboration,increasing basic research investment,and optimizing the innovation ecosystem.