一种可变行间距的大葱收获机械设计

An Scallion Harvesting Machine with Variable Row Spacing

针对国内中小型规模大葱收获机械化水平低且现有大葱收获装备存在挖掘阻力大、伤葱率和含杂率高等问题,结合大葱种植工艺,服务乡村中小型规模的大葱收获,旨在设计一款省时、省力、经济的农用大葱收割机械。底盘设计方面采用了变轮距设计,采用差速转弯的方式并使用遥控手柄进行控制。同时选取减速电机作为轮距调整机构的驱动机构设计了无极轮距调节装置的设计。在挖掘铲设计方面,采用了二阶凸面设计,配合电推杆、连杆装置形成了挖掘铲角度调节装置,以便适应不同的挖掘条件。在输送装置方面,采用海绵同步带进行夹持运输,其柔性结构可以保证大葱运输当中不易损伤。并建立了三维模型对关键零件受力分析,试制了实物验证设计的合理性。

Aiming at the domestic small and medium scale onion harvesting mechanization level is low and the existing onion harvesting equipment exists digging resistance,injury onion rate and impurity rate,combined with the onion planting process,the service of small and medium scale onion harvesting in the countryside,aiming to design a time-saving,labor-saving,economic agricultural onion harvesting machinery.The chassis design adopts a variable wheelbase design,adopts the differential turning method and uses the remote control handle for control.At the same time,the gear motor is selected as the driving mechanism of the wheel spacing adjustment mechanism to design the design of the infinite wheel spacing adjustment device.In the design of the digging shovel,the second-order convex design is adopted,together with the electric actuator and linkage device to form a digging shovel angle adjusting device,so as to adapt to different digging conditions.As for the conveying device,the sponge synchronous belt is used for clamping and transportation,and its flexible structure can ensure that the onion is not easy to be damaged during transportation.The three-dimensional model was established to analyze the stress on the key parts,and the test production was carried out to verify the reasonableness of the design.