酸枣仁总黄酮、总皂苷及粗多糖同步提取工艺研究

Study on the Simultaneous Extraction of Total Flavonoids,Total Saponins and Crude Polysaccharides from Wild Jujube Kernel

试验采用乙醇-水溶液回流法同步提取酸枣仁中总皂苷、总黄酮和粗多糖三种成分。首先通过单因素试验考察了各因素对三种成分提取量的影响;然后对单因素试验结果进行方差分析,根据分析结果选择总皂苷提取量为响应指标,乙醇浓度、提取温度、提取时间为考察因素,采用响应面分析法优化提取工艺条件;最后通过三组平行试验验证优化结果。试验表明,最佳工艺条件为乙醇浓度62%、提取时间175 min、提取温度71℃、料液比1∶30(g∶mL)。该工艺条件下总黄酮提取量为(5.9±0.1)mg/g、总皂苷提取量为(48.5±0.6)mg/g、粗多糖提取量为(68.7±0.7)mg/g。

The ethanol-water reflux method was used to simultaneously extract the total saponins,total flavonoids and crude polysaccharides from Wild jujube kernel.Firstly,the effects of various factors on the extraction amount of the three components were investigated by single factor experiments.Then,the results of single factor experiments were analyzed by variance analysis.According to the results of analysis,the extraction amount of total saponins was selected as the response index,and the concentration of ethanol,extraction temperature and extraction time were selected as the factors.The extraction conditions were optimized by response surface analysis.Finally,the optimization results were verified by three groups of parallel experiments.The experiments showed that the optimal extraction conditions were ethanol concentration of 62%,extraction time of 175 min,extraction temperature of 71℃and solid-liquid ratio of 1∶30(g∶mL).Under the extraction conditions,the extraction amount of total flavonoids was(5.9±0.1)mg/g,the extraction amount of total saponins was(48.5±0.6)mg/g,and the extraction amount of crude polysaccharides was(68.7±0.7)mg/g.