社会交换理论视角下的城市社区老年人互助养老意愿影响因素研究

The Study of Influencing Factors on the Willingness of the Elderly in Urban Communities to Participate in Mutual Aid Elderly Care from the Perspective of Social Exchange Theory

互助养老服务是机构养老服务、社区居家养老服务的有益补充。如何保障互助养老服务健康、可持续发展是一个亟须解决的社会问题。社会交换理论认为,城市社区老年人参与互助养老服务的意愿取决于预期收益、预期成本、信任和参与风险的综合影响。通过问卷调查,利用Amos25软件对已构建的概念模型以及提出的假设进行实证检验和路径分析。结果表明:城市社区老年人参与互助养老服务的意愿,随着预期收益的增加和信任度的提高,呈现出正向增长的趋势,随着预期成本增加和参与风险增强,呈现出负向增长的趋势;互助养老服务的健康运行需要建立一系列的激励机制、保障机制并需要进行广泛宣传。

Mutual aid elderly care services serve as a beneficial supplement to both institutional elderly care and community-based home care services for the elderly.How to ensure the healthy and sustainable development of mutual aid elderly care services is an urgent social issue that needs to be resolved.The social exchange theory posits that the willingness of the elderly in urban communities to participate in mutual aid elderly care services depends on the comprehensive influence of expected benefits,expected costs,trust,and participation risks.Through questionnaire surveys,the conceptual model constructed and the proposed hypotheses were empirically tested and path analyzed using Amos 25 software.The results show that the willingness of the elderly in urban communities to participate in mutual aid elderly care services tends to increase positively with the increase of expected benefits and the improvement of trust,and tends to decrease negatively with the increase of expected costs and the enhancement of participation risks;the healthy operation of mutual aid elderly care services requires the establishment of a series of incentive mechanisms,security mechanisms,and extensive publicity.