“双碳”背景下的湖南省交通运输行业碳排放特征分析

Analysis of Carbon Emission Characteristics of Transportation Industry in Hunan Under the“Dual Carbon”Background

为加快实现湖南省交通运输行业“双碳”目标,通过建立清晰碳排放核算范围和边界,基于“自下而上”法测算2012—2021年湖南省交通运输行业碳排放量,分析湖南省交通运输行业碳排放结构,为湖南省交通运输行业绿色低碳转型提供理论基础。结果表明:①2012—2018年湖南省交通运输行业碳排放量呈现快速上升趋势,受货运部门统计口径调整和疫情冲击,2019—2021年碳排放量与之前不可比,且年均增速放缓;②通过对湖南省交通运输行业碳排放分为三大部门进行分析,按碳排放量大小排序为城市交通、货运和客运部门,2021年排放占比依次为74.2%、20.4%和5.4%;③私人汽车、公路货运和航空客运为三大部门重点排放源。最后,结合研究讨论,针对私人汽车、公路货运和航空运输3个关键排放领域分别提出了具体有效对策建议。

To accelerate the realization of the“dual carbon”goal in the transportation industry in Hunan,this paper aims to establish a clear scope and boundary for carbon emission accounting to measure the carbon emissions in the transportation industry in Hunan from 2012 to 2021 based on the“bottom-up”method,and analyze the carbon emission structure of the transportation industry in Hunan,thereby providing a theoretical basis for the green and low-carbon transformation of the transportation industry in Hunan.The results indicate that:①The carbon emissions from the transportation industry in Hunan showed a rapid upward trend from 2012 to 2018,due to the adjustment of statistical standards in the freight sector and the impact of the COVID-19,the carbon emissions from 2019 to 2021 were not comparable to those before,and the average annual growth rate slowed down.②Carbon emissions from transportation industry in Hunan are mainly analyzed in 3 major sectors,sorted in descending order of carbon emissions are urban transportation,freight transport,and passenger transport,with the emission proportions in 2021 being 74.2%,20.4%,and 5.4%,respectively.③Private vehicles,road freight and aviation passenger transport are the key emission sources of the 3 sectors.Finally,combining the research and discussion to put forward the specific and effective countermeasures and suggestions for 3 key emission sources:private vehicles,road freight and aviation passenger transport.