科技创新主体协同对区域创新的空间效应影响研究

Research on the Spatial Effect Impact of Scientific and Technological Innovation Subject Synergy on Regional Innovation

国家创新系统内部主体协同是为了打造新质生产力和提高综合创新能力而开展的一种系统性的创新组织形式,能够有效激发创新资源在系统内协调互补。根据协同理论,构建创新主体协同评价指标体系,运用复合系统协同度模型测度2009-2020年全国30个省份的复合系统协同度,并以此作为创新主体协同指标对区域创新的影响机制进行空间效应分析,分别构建了空间邻接矩阵、空间地理矩阵、社会经济距离矩阵三重空间权重矩阵并对整体空间效应进行评价。研究结果表明,全国各省份创新主体协同几乎都处于低协同状态,但整体呈上升趋势,东部地区协同度最优,政府和企业联动协同度领先;创新主体协同空间效应显示其对区域创新发展有强烈的助推作用,总协同度对本地和邻近区域都产生促进作用,且直接效应大于间接效应,即主体协同创新的“虹吸效应”大于“辐射效应”,整体上实现了技术创新共赢;“全创改”政策实施能够有效促进区域创新发展,其对周边区域创新的辐射作用呈现先增加后下降的“倒U型”变化趋势,且在距离200千米以内政策效应最显著。本研究对全面认识国家创新系统内部主体协同创新关系,以及依据协同指标进行有针对性的区域异质性政策制定有重要启示。

The internal subject synergy of the national innovation system is a systematic innovation organizational form carried out to create new quality productivity and improve comprehensive innovation capabilities,which can effectively stimulate the coordination and complementarity of innovation resources within the system.According to the synergy theory,this paper constructs the synergy evaluation index system of innovation subject,and uses the synergy degree model of composite system to measure the synergy degree of composite system of 30 provinces in China from 2009 to 2020,and takes it as the synergy index of innovation subject to analyze the spatial effect of the influence mechanism of regional innovation.The spatial adjacency matrix,spatial geography matrix and social economic distance matrix were constructed to evaluate the overall spatial effect.The results show that the synergy of innovation subjects in all provinces is almost in a low state,but the overall trend is on the rise.The Eastern China has the best synergy,and the government and enterprises are in the lead.The spatial effect of innovation subject synergy shows that it has a strong boosting effect on regional innovation development,and the total synergy has a positive promoting effect on local and adjacent regions,and the direct effect is greater than the indirect effect,that is,the“siphon effect”of subject synergy innovation is greater than the“radiation effect”,which achieves win-win technological innovation on the whole.The implementation of the“comprehensive innovation and reform”policy can effectively promote the development of regional innovation,and its radiation effect on the improvement of regional innovation in the surrounding cities shows an“inverted U-Shaped”trend of first increasing and then decreasing,and the policy effect is the most significant within 200km.This study has important implications for a comprehensive understanding of the collaborative innovation relationship within the national innovation system,as well as the policy formulation of regional heterogeneity through collaborative indicators.