工业机器人使用、就业结构波动与经济增长

The use of industrial robots,fluctuations in employment structure and economic growth

文章基于国际机器人联合会和佩恩表数据库匹配获得的95个国家1993-2019年的面板数据,采用高维固定效应回归、结构方程等方法在就业结构的介导视角下研究工业机器人使用对经济增长的影响,并剖析其内在作用机制,研究过程中发现:工业机器人使用能够直接拉动经济增长,且以劳动力工作时长、岗位雇佣劳动力人数、劳动力工资报酬和全要素生产率衡量就业结构发现其在工业机器人促进经济增长的过程中起到了正向的中介作用。在考察了稳健性和内生性问题以后上述结论依旧成立。异质性分析发现,工业机器人对经济的拉动作用集中于第二产业中的制造业领域。

Based on the panel data of 95 countries from 1993 to 2019 obtained by the International Federation of Robotics and Paine Table database,this paper uses high-dimensional fixed effect regression and structural equation methods to study the impact of industrial robots on economic growth from the mediating perspective of employment structure and analyzes its internal mechanism.In the process of research,it is found that the use of industrial robots can directly drive economic growth,and the employment structure measured by the working hours of labor,the number of hired labor,the salary of labor and total factor productivity plays a positive intermediary role in the process of industrial robots promoting economic growth.After examining the robustness and endogeneity issues,the above conclusions still hold.Heterogeneity analysis finds that the economic driving effect of industrial robots is concentrated in the manufacturing sector of the secondary industry.