齐桓公争霸与诸夏共同体意识的形成

The Hegemony of Duke Huan of Qi and the Formation of the Sense of Community among the States

齐桓公建立霸业的过程,实质上是诸夏集团渐次扩大的过程。“蛮夷猾夏”是促成齐桓公团结诸夏的外部条件,“亲鲁联宋”和“尊王攘夷”是齐桓公聚合诸夏前后相承的两个阶段,“亲鲁”背后隐伏着攫取礼乐权威的深层用意,可谓齐桓公日后“尊王”的先声。齐桓公争霸的重要贡献在于催生了诸夏共同体意识。诸夏共同体根植于周代封建秩序及礼乐文明的历史积淀,兼具文化认同和政治认同的双重属性。诸夏共同体意识确立的关键是诸夏群体借助夷夏之辨完成了华夏文明优越性的建构,并由此形成了以中原礼乐文化为轴心的文化辐聚效应。春秋中期中原文化圈的礼乐复兴导源于此。

The process of Duke Huan of Qi establishing hegemony involved the gradual expansion of the alliance among the states.The external conditions facilitating Duke Huan's consolidation of the states included dealing with“barbarians and cunning Xia,”while the stages of“pro-Lu and allied with Song”and“honoring the king and repelling the barbarians”represented two consecutive phases in Duke Huan's efforts to unite the states.Behind“pro-Lu”lay deeper intentions of acquiring authority over ritual and music,which heralded Duke Huan's later stance of“honoring the king.”Duke Huan of Qi's significant contribution in establishing hegemony was in fostering a sense of community among the states.This sense of community was rooted in the historical legacy of the feudal order and ritual civilization of the Zhou Dynasty,embodying both cultural and political identities.The key establishment of the sense of community among the states was their differentiation from the Yi(barbarians)and Xia,completing the construction of the superiority of Chinese civilization,and thereby forming a cultural convergence centered around Central Plains ritual and music.This laid the groundwork for the revival of ritual and music culture in the Central Plains cultural sphere during the mid-Spring and Autumn period.