一道同风——台湾书院设立与清大一统国家建构

One Way,Shared Culture:The Establishment of Academies in Taiwan region and the Construction of the Unified Qing State

随着清初统治渐趋稳固,清廷日益重视边疆治理与文教治国,强调政治统一和文化统一相协调,“兴文教,崇经术”成为清治理台湾地区的重要方略。为此康雍乾时期在台设立了一批书院,并通过扩建与修缮书院、提供充足经费、完善书院管理等举措使书院大兴。从此以君权为核心的思想文化浸润至台湾地区士人心中,构建起台地之民对中华文化的精神信仰。台湾地区书院的设立,不仅增进台湾地区与内地间的交流往来,还培育大批人才、促进清朝统一多民族国家的巩固发展,进而传播爱国主义思想,提高台湾民众的民族意识与维护国家统一的决心,为台湾地区家国意识的养成与大一统国家构建奠定了厚实的文化基础。

As its rule gradually stabilized in the early Qing period,the Qing court increasingly emphasized border governance and the role of education and culture in statecraft,highlighting the coordination of political and cultural unification.The strategy of“promoting education and venerating Confucian teachings”became crucial in governing Taiwan region.During the reigns of Kangxi,Yongzheng,and Qianlong,several academies were established in Ttaiwan region.These academies were expanded and renovated,provided with ample funding,and managed with improved oversight,leading to their flourishing.As a result,the ideology centered on imperial authority permeated the minds of Taiwan residents scholars,fostering a spiritual belief in Chinese culture among the local population.The establishment of academies in Ttaiwan region not only enhanced exchanges between Ttaiwan region and the mainland but also cultivated a great number of talents.This development contributed to the consolidation and development of the Qing's unified multi-ethnic state,spreading patriotic thoughts and increasing the national consciousness and determination of the Taiwan residents people to maintain national unity.Thus,it laid a solid cultural foundation for the formation of a sense of national identity in Ttaiwan region and the construction of a unified state.