社会主义新质生产力的认识论问题——生产力理论与生产要素理论的性质辨析

Epistemological Problems of the New Quality Productive Forces in Socialism——Discussing the Nature of Productivity Theory and Factor of Production Theory

马克思主义说到底是主体革命的理论和实践,由此限定社会主义生产力的学科命名是历史事件、发展事件和实践逻辑。在社会主义初级阶段,以“新质生产力”界定社会主义生产力,旨在标识主体革命的进步性质,作为社会主义主体论理论成型的标志。党在何种意义上能够成为主体性?在于党在行动品格上成为人民主体性的集中化表述,在于确立社会主义劳动价值论“知”“行”统一。对生产力“知难”与“行难”之解决聚焦于“社会主义新质生产力”主体范畴:从生产方式批判上发力。作为唯物史观的生产力理论,在认识论上:唯有坚持以“人民主体”为尺度,立足新时代实践,才能厘清新质生产力的理论内涵。同样,在历史高度上:唯有坚持唯物史观主体(劳动=生产方式)这一行动真理,才能真正厘清“科学的生产力理论”与“庸俗的生产力理论”、“生产力革命”与“生产力中性”以及“主体革命”与“科技创新”的对立统一关系。

Marxism is,in the final analysis,the theory and practice of the subjective revolution,and thus the disciplinary designation of the productive forces of socialism is a historical event,a developmental event and a practical logic.At the primary stage of socialism,the definition of the productive forces of socialism in terms of"new quality productive forces"is intended to identify the progressive nature of the subjective revolution and to serve as a sign of the crystallization of the theory of socialist subjectivity.In what sense can the Party become a subjectivity?It is in the Party's action character that it becomes a centralized expression of the people's subjectivity,and in the establishment of the unity of"knowledge"and"action"of the socialist labor theory of value.According to this methodological principle,the solution to the"difficulty of knowing"and"dificulty of doing"of the productive forces focuses on the subject category of"socialist new-quality productive forces":it starts from the critique of the mode of production.As the theory of productivity of the materialist concept of history,epistemologically,the only way to clarify the theoretical connotation of the new quality of productivity is to adhere to the"people's subject"as the yardstick and to be based on the practice of the new era.Similarly,at the historical level,only by adhering to the subject of materialist concept of history as the truth of action can we really clarify the difference between the"scientific theory of productive forces"and the"vulgar theory of productive forces",and between the"revolution of productive forces"and"productivity neutrality",as well as"subject revolution"and"scientific and technological innovation"of the relationship between the opposition and unity.