脑机接口的系统能动性考察

Investigation of Agency of System in Brain-computer Interface

脑机接口是当下实现人机交互、脑机融合的最重要的技术路径之一。基于脑机接口的人机认知交互实践中所呈现出的身体、时间和感受三个维度的特征,挑战了传统行动哲学将能动性视作人的内在属性的经典解释方式。受马拉福里斯的认知考古学启发,一种源于非人类中心主义交互视角的“系统能动性”概念能够为应对脑机接口的能动性困境提供新的解释框架:基于纳合性论证,能动性是在人类、脑机接口和环境等组成的整个系统中不断涌现的产物;基于能动感论证,人在能动性的系统中获取更加稳定、真实的能动感。这一新概念辩护了人机混合的认知主体的能动性,规避了传统行动哲学的解释困境,并且进一步可能为具身认知、生成认知等认知科学研究提供本体论阐释。

Brain-computer interface is one of the most important technical paths to realize human-computer interaction and brain-computer fusion.The characteristics of the three dimensions of body,time and feeling presented in the practice of brain-computer cognitive interaction challenge the classical interpretation of the traditional philosophy of action to regard agency as the intrinsic attribute of human.Inspired by the cognitive archaeology from Malafouris,a concept of“agency of system”derived from the non-anthrocentrism interactive perspective can provide a new explanatory framework for dealing with the agency dilemma of brain-computer interface:Based on the argument of incorporation,agency is the product of the whole system composed of human beings,brain-computer interface and environment;based on the argument of sense of agency,people obtain more stable and real sense of agency in the system of agency.The new concept defends the agency of the cognitive subject of human-machine hybrid,avoids the interpretation dilemma of the traditional philosophy of action,and may further provide an ontological interpretation for the cognitive science research such as embodied cognition and enactive cognition.