从班墨殊异看中国古代工匠传统的两条进路

Two Paths of Ancient Craftsmen’s Tradition in China from the Difference between Lu Ban and Mozi

班墨二人虽然同样以“巧”著称,但身份地位和思想传承却有显著差别。从班墨殊异能够明显看出中国古代工匠传统的两条进路。即以鲁班为代表的技术型工匠进路,和以墨子为代表的学者型工匠进路。二者分别印证了《考工记》中所呈现的大一统实用型技术模式和《墨经》所展示的实验学理型模式。两种传统在融汇中独立发展,塑造了中国传统工匠精神中的匠职、匠责与匠心。

Although Lu Ban and Mozi are equally known for their“ingenuity”,there is a significant difference in their status and ideological heritage.From the differences between Lu Ban and Mozi,it is clear that there are two paths in the ancient Chinese craftsman’s tradition.They affirmed the grand unified and pragmatic model of technology proposed in the Kao Gong Ji and the experimentalist model demonstrated in the Mo Jing,respectively.The two traditions have developed independently of each other in a fusion that has shaped the duties of craftsmen,responsibilities and hearts in traditional Chinese craftsmanship.