中药调控肠道菌群防治缺血性脑卒中的现代生物学机制及特点分析

Modern Biological Mechanism and Characteristic Analysis of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Regulation of Intestinal Flora for Prevention and Treatment of Ischemic Stroke

卒中包括缺血性脑卒中和出血性脑卒中,具有高发病率、高致残率、高死亡率、高复发率、高经济负担的特点。缺血性脑卒中是最为常见的卒中类型,主要由颅内动脉闭塞引起,临床患者表现为偏瘫、失语、感觉障碍等神经功能缺损症状,同时常伴有便秘、消化道出血等胃肠道症状。肠道菌群在缺血性脑卒中的发病中扮演着重要角色,其潜在的生物学作用受到人们的广泛关注,肠道菌群不仅可以影响肠道屏障功能,还可以调节胃肠道免疫影响宿主机体的稳态。近年来,中药在防治脑缺血中表现出效果显著且不良反应较小的特点,中药通过调节肠道菌群结构及相关代谢,维持肠道菌群功能等方面改善脑缺血损伤作用的研究逐渐成为热点。通过调研近年来相关研究文献,以中药与肠道菌群相互作用为基础,探讨中药通过调节肠道菌群结构,影响肠道菌群代谢,调节机体免疫等多个角度发挥抗脑缺血损伤作用的机制,并进行归纳总结,为深入阐述肠道菌群在脑缺血中的作用及中药防治缺血性脑卒中的机制研究提供依据。

Stroke,including ischemic stroke and hemorrhagic stroke,has the characteristics of high morbidity,high disability rate,high mortality rate,high recurrence rate,and high economic burden.Ischemic stroke is the most common type of stroke,which is mainly caused by intracranial artery occlusion.The clinical manifestations of patients are hemiplegia,aphasia,sensory disturbance,and other neurological deficits,accompanied by gastrointestinal symptoms such as constipation and gastrointestinal bleeding.Intestinal flora plays an important role in the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke,and its potential biological effects have received extensive attention.Intestinal flora can not only affect intestinal barrier function but also regulate gastrointestinal immunity and affect host homeostasis.In recent years,traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)has shown remarkable effects and small adverse reactions in the prevention and treatment of cerebral ischemia.The research on the effect of TCM in improving cerebral ischemia injury by regulating the structure and metabolism of intestinal flora and maintaining the function of intestinal flora has gradually become a hot topic.Based on the interaction between TCM and intestinal flora in relevant literature in recent years,this review investigated the mechanism of anti-cerebral ischemic injury of TCM via regulating intestinal flora structure,affecting intestinal flora metabolism,and regulating body immunity and made a summary,proving a basis for further elucidating the role of intestinal flora in cerebral ischemia and the mechanism of TCM in prevention and treatment of ischemic stroke.