线粒体质量控制在卵巢衰老中的作用机制及中医药治疗研究进展

Mechanism of Mitochondrial Quality Control in Ovarian Aging and Intervention of Traditional Chinese Medicine:A Review

卵巢衰老是由多种因素导致卵巢功能逐渐减退直至衰竭的生殖内分泌疾病,严重影响女性的身体及生殖健康,也是导致女性不孕的重要因素。线粒体是细胞的能量代谢中心,对于卵巢功能发挥至关重要,其结构和功能异常是导致卵巢功能下降的关键病理因素。线粒体质量控制是细胞内线粒体稳态维持和功能改善的重要内源性调节机制,丰富的研究表明以线粒体氧化损伤、线粒体生物发生异常、线粒体动力学异常、线粒体自噬异常和线粒体钙平衡异常为主要特征的线粒体质量控制失调与卵巢功能减退发生密切相关。中医药是祖国医学的瑰宝,临床用于治疗卵巢衰老类疾病疗效显著。近年来,中医药通过多靶点、多通路调控线粒体质量控制失调进而治疗卵巢衰老的相关研究取得一定进展,但目前国内外尚缺乏中医药对该领域的系统性回顾与总结。故该文基于线粒体质量控制的主要内容对中医药领域治疗卵巢衰老的研究进展进行总结性梳理,以期为中医药治疗卵巢衰老临床疗效提供理论基础和深层次研究中医药防治卵巢衰老提供新的策略及借鉴。

Ovarian aging is a reproductive endocrine disease caused by a variety of factors leading to a gradual decline in ovarian function until ovarian failure,which seriously affects women's physical and reproductive health and is a major factor leading to female infertility.Mitochondria,the energy metabolism centers of cells,are critical for ovarian functions.Their structural and functional abnormalities are key pathological factors leading to the declined ovarian function.Mitochondrial quality control is an important endogenous regulatory mechanism for the maintenance of mitochondrial homeostasis and the improvement of mitochondrial functions.Abundant studies have shown that the dysregulation of mitochondrial quality control,characterized by mitochondrial oxidative damage,abnormal mitochondrial biogenesis,abnormal mitochondrial dynamics,abnormal mitochondrial autophagy,and dysregulated calcium homeostasis,is closely associated with the occurrence of ovarian hypofunction.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)is a treasure of China's medicine,demonstrating remarkable efficacy in the clinical treatment of ovarian aging-related diseases.In recent years,research progress has been achieved in the TCM treatment of ovarian aging by regulating mitochondrial quality control disorders in a multi-target and multi-pathway manner.However,systematic research remains to be carried out regarding the research progress in this field.Therefore,this article reviews the research progress in the TCM treatment of ovarian aging based on mitochondrial quality control,with a view to providing a theoretical basis for studying the clinical efficacy of TCM in the treatment of ovarian aging and a new strategy for the in-depth research on the prevention and treatment of ovarian aging by TCM.