超加工食品摄入与慢性肾脏病发病风险相关性的Meta分析

Meta-Analysis of The Relationship Between Ultra-Processed Food Intake and The Risk of Developing Chronic Kidney Disease

目的:使用Meta分析法评价超加工食品摄入与慢性肾脏病发病风险之间的关联。方法:计算机检索PubMed、embase、CochraneLibrary、WebofScience、中国知网、万方、维普数据库,有关超加工食品摄入与慢性肾脏病发病风险的观察性研究,检索时限从建库到2024年02月,由2位研究者对文献数据独立提取,并进行文献质量评价,采用Stata17.0软件进行统计学分析。结果:初步检索文献1508篇,最终纳入7项研究(2项横断面研究、5项队列研究,总计来自6个不同国家的408492名参与者),最高剂量组超加工食品摄入与慢性肾脏病患病风险的Meta分析结果显示,超加工食品摄入会增加慢性肾脏病患病风险(OR=1.18,95%CI:1.13~1.23)。亚组分析进一步提示,不同研究地区[欧洲(OR=1.30,95%CI:1.10~1.54)、北美洲(OR=1.19,95%CI:1.09~1.29)]、研究类型[队列研究(OR=1.22,95%CI:1.11~1.33)]、是否校正饮食模式[是(OR=1.22,95%CI:1.12~1.34)]、饮食评估工具[FFQ(OR=1.22,95%CI:1.13~1.32)]、UPF摄入量计算方法[能量调整UPF消耗[g/(1000 kcal·d)](OR=1.58,95%CI:1.07~2.34)、UPF食用份数/d(OR=1.19,95%CI:1.09~1.29)、UPF摄入量占总食物重量(%g/d)(OR=1.25,95%CI:1.10~1.42)]中超加工食品摄入均可增加慢性肾脏病发生风险。结论:超加工食品摄入与慢性肾脏病发生风险增加有关。

【Objective】A meta-analytic approach was used to evaluate the association between ultra-processed food intake and the risk of developing chronic kidney disease.【Method】Computerized searches of PubMed,embase,Cochrane Library,Web of Science,China Knowledge,Wanfang,and Wipro databases for observational studies on ultra-processed food intake and risk of developing chronic kidney disease were conducted with a time frame from the time of library construction to February 2024,and the literature data were extracted independently by 2 researchers,and the quality of the literature was evaluation and statistically analyzed using Stata 17.0 software.【Result】After an initial literature search of 1508 articles and the final inclusion of 7 studies(2 cross-sectional and 5 cohort studies totaling 408492 participants from 6 different countries),meta-analysis of the highest dose group of ultra-processed food intake and the risk of chronic kidney disease(CKD)prevalence showed that ultra-processed food intake increased the risk of CKD prevalence(OR=1.18,95%CI:1.13—1.23).Subgroup analyses further suggested that the study region[Europe(OR=1.30,95%CI:1.10—1.54),and North America(OR=1.19,95%CI:1.09—1.29)],the type of study[cohort study(OR=1.22,95%CI:1.11—1.33)],whether corrected for dietary patterns[yes(OR=1.22,95%CI:1.12—1.34)],dietary assessment tool[FFQ(OR=1.22,95%CI:1.13—1.32)],UPF intake calculation[energy-adjusted UPF consumption[g(/1000 kca·l d)](OR=1.58,95%CI:1.07—2.34),number of UPF servings/d(OR=1.19,95%CI:1.09—1.29),and UPF intake of total weight(%g/d)(OR=1.25,95%CI:1.10—1.42)]in ultra-processed food intake all increased the risk of chronic kidney disease.【Conclusion】Ultra-processed food intake is associated with an increased risk of developing chronic kidney disease.