生态环境视野下金代上京路移民与农业开发

Migration and Agricultural Development in Shangjing Road of the Jin Dynasty from an Ecological Environment Perspective

上京路是金代前期的腹心地带,称为金源内地,同时,也是移民聚集区。在移民未迁入之前,这里山环水绕,林草丰茂,土地肥沃,地广人稀,生态环境优良,为移民耕垦提供了充分且便利的条件。迁入上京路的移民依托本区良好的生态资源,以四个聚集区为中心进行农业开发,不仅改变了上京路土地资源的利用方式,提高了自然生产力,促进了文明的进步和民族融合,同时也改变了本区的植被面貌和生态格局。尽管移民大量开发土地,但总体来讲,金代上京路的生态环境依然处于良性循环状态,人地关系相对和谐。

Shangjin Road was the heartland of the early Jin Dynasty,known as the Jinyuan hinterland and also a major immigration area.Before the immigration settled there,it was surrounded by mountains and water,rich in forests and grasses,ferile soil,and sparsely populated,providing excellent conditions for agriculture cultivation.Immigrants who moved to Shangjing Road utilized the area's rich ecological resources to develop agriculture around four main settlement areas.This not only altered the land use patterns,enhanced natural productivity,advanced civilization,and promoted ethnic integration but also transformed the vegetation and ecological structure of the region.Despite extensive land development by immigrants,the overall ecological environment of Shangjing Road during the Jin Dynasty remained in a state of positive balance with a harmonious relationship between humans and the land.