自适应光学技术的研究进展及其在眼底影像学中的临床应用

Research progress and clinical application of adaptive optics in retinal imaging

自适应光学(AO)作为一项新兴技术,与眼底相机、扫描激光检眼镜以及光相干断层扫描检查设备相结合,可对光感受器细胞、视网膜色素上皮细胞、视网膜神经节细胞和视网膜血管系统进行成像。目前,AO技术已应用于各种眼底疾病,包括遗传性视网膜疾病、年龄相关性黄斑变性、视网膜血管性疾病、视网膜炎性疾病和中心性浆液性脉络膜视网膜病变等的早期诊断、管理和监测。视网膜细胞和结构的可视化对于理解眼底疾病的病理生理学以及监测其病程和治疗效果至关重要,AO技术的应用为眼底成像带来了重大突破,然而AO技术的普及还存在扫描范围和屈光间质混浊的影响等局限性。全面了解AO技术为眼底成像提供更新视野,有望推动AO技术的眼科临床应用,使眼底影像水平达到细胞级的“眼底活体成像”。

As a newly developing technology of adaptive optics(AO),the combination of AO technology with traditional fundus imaging devices,such as fundus camera,scanning laser ophthalmoscope as well as optical coherence tomography,can image photoreceptor cells,retinal pigment epithelial cells,retinal ganglion cells,and retinal vascular system.Currently,AO technology is applied in the diagnosis,monitor and management of retinal diseases,enabling the observation of early changes of photoreceptor cells and analyzing vascular parameters in inherited retinal diseases,age-related macular degeneration,retinal vascular diseases such as diabetic retinopathy and retinal vein occlusion,inflammatory retinal diseases and central serous chorioretinopathy.Major breakthrough brought by AO technology along with rapid progress driven by ophthalmic imaging devices can help clarify the pathogenesis of eye diseases.and offer a comprehensive understanding of the new perspectives provided by AO technology for fundus imaging.Of course,limitation of popularizing application of AO device exists due to small scan range and optic media opacity.Thus,a comprehensive understanding of AO technology provides a new horizon for retina imaging.A comprehensive understanding of AO technology provides updated vision for fundus imaging,and is expected to promote the clinical application of AO technology in ophthalmology,and to enable cellular-resolution imaging of the living human retina.