原发性葡萄膜黏膜相关淋巴组织淋巴瘤的临床表现及治疗的研究进展

Research progress of clinical symptoms and treatment of primary uveal mucosa-associated lymphoid tissuelymphoma

黏膜相关淋巴组织(MALT)淋巴瘤是一种惰性B细胞来源的非霍奇金淋巴瘤,是葡萄膜淋巴瘤的主要类型。原发性葡萄膜MALT淋巴瘤极为罕见,具体发病机制不详,可能与多种病因相关。原发性葡萄膜MALT淋巴瘤表现多样,有时需借助多种检查方式综合诊断。超声检查可发现其特征性均质低回声病灶,伴血流信号。光相干断层扫描、眼底成像及眼底血管成像、核磁共振成像及正电子发射计算机断层成像/X线计算机断层成像检查都可协助诊断,但最终需组织病理学明确诊断。该病对放射治疗较为敏感,化学药物治疗和生物治疗也有一定的治疗效果。MALT总体预后良好。然而,由于其临床表现缺乏特异性,加之发病率极低,导致易被误诊。一旦治疗延误,将造成不可逆性视力丧失。

Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue(MALT)lymphoma is an indolent B cell derived non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.It is the main type of uveal lymphoma and is extremely rare.The pathogenesis of ocular MALT lymphoma remains unclear.It is now considered to be associated with many causes.The manifestations of primary uveal MALT lymphoma differ.So sometimes it is necessary to diagnose depending on diversity of auxiliary tests.Ultrasound examination shows typical low and homogeneous internal reflectivity,with blood flow signal.Optical coherence tomography,fundus imaging,fundus angiography,magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography computerized tomography can assist diagnosing.Primary uveal MALT lymphoma is sensitive to radiation therapy,chemotherapy and biotherapy have positive influence too.The prognosis of uveal MALT lymphoma is good,but its early diagnosis is rather challenging.The nonspecific clinical manifestations and the rarity of the disease can confound the initial diagnosis,resulting in delayed treatments which may cause irreversible vision loss.