飞机发动机拆装车结构的轻量化优化

Lightweight Optimization of Aircraft Engine Disassembly and Assembly Vehicle Structure

以自主设计的某型号的飞机发动机拆装车为研究对象,对其进行轻量化优化,并对轻量化前后拆装车的模态及力学性能进行对比,确保轻量化后拆装车的模态及整体结构强度符合设计要求。首先,发现杆件经轻量化后其厚度存在不同程度的减薄,最大减薄率高达50%,其整车质量下降了185kg,较轻量化前降低了12.5%。其次,通过力学性能对比,发现轻量化后拆装车最大应力值为187MPa,较轻量化前增长了6.3%,但远低于碳锰钢材料许用应力值355MPa;轻量化后最大位移量为12.23mm,较轻量化前增长了9.1%,但整体变形量较小。最后,通过模态对比,发现轻量化对拆装车模态的频率及振型影响均较小,轻量化后拆装车一阶模态固有频率为13.05Hz,远高于内场路面激振频率3~4Hz。因此,轻量化后拆装车的模态及力学性能均符合设计要求。

Taking a aircraft engine disassembly vehicle designed by us as the research object,the weight optimization is carried out,and the modal and mechanical properties of the disassembly vehicle before and after the weight optimization are compared,to ensure that the mode and overall structural strength of the light-weight disassembly vehicle meet the design requirements.Firstly,it is found that the thickness of the bar has been reduced by 50%,and the weight of the whole vehicle has been reduced by 185 kg,which is 12.5%lower than that before the lightening.Secondly,through the comparison of mechanical properties,it is found that the maximum stress value of the car after light-weighting is 187 MPa,which is 6.3%higher than that before light-weighting,but far lower than the allowable stress value of 355 MPa for carbon-manganese steel,and the maximum displacement after light-weighting is 12.23 mm,which is up 9.1%compared to the pre-lightweight.But the overall deformation is small.Finally,through the modal comparison,it is found that the natural frequency of the first-order modal of the light-weight disassembly and assembly vehicle is 13.05 Hz,much higher than the excitation frequency of the road surface from 3 to 4 Hz.Therefore,the modal and mechanical properties of the light-weight disassembly vehicle meet the design requirements.