系统发展视阈下数字时代的人权演进

Human Rights Evolution in the Digital Age from the Perspective of System Development

系统的开放性使得人权系统受数字时代的变化而发生变化。数字时代转变了原有的社会交往空间、社会交往主体与社会交往媒介,使人权系统之功能不得不进行调整,以适应数字时代下对人权之新需求。从要素观察人权系统,其效力范围、法律主体、权利内容均在前三代人权基础上得以发展。但从层次观察人权系统可发现,数字时代下的人权演进并不构成发展层次质变,尚未完成四代人权代际层次跳跃。数字人权本质上是三代人权要素发展后的新样态。为更好地保障数字时代人权,可以从横纵两方面调整人权系统结构。在横向结构上,可从效力空间、法律主体、权利内容三方面组建数字人权;在纵向结构上,可从国际法、宪法、部门法三方面建构数字人权。

The openness of the system has led to the evolution of the human rights system with the digital age.The digital age has transformed the original social communication space,social communication subject and social communication medium,so that the function of the human rights system has to be adjusted to meet the new demand for human rights in the digital age.Observing the human rights system from the elements,its scope of effect,the subject of law and the content of rights have been developed on the basis of the first three generations of human rights.However,when observing the human rights system from the hierarchical perspective,we can find that the evolution of human rights in the digital era does not constitute a qualitative change in the level of development,and the intergenerational level jump of four generations of human rights has not been completed.In essence,digital human rights is a new form after the development of three generations of human rights.To better protect human rights in the digital age,the structure of the human rights system can be restructured both vertically and horizontally.In the horizontal structure,digital human rights can be formed from three aspects:effectiveness space,legal subject and right content.In the vertical structure,digital human rights can be constructed from three aspects:international law,constitution and departmental law.