关中地区传统村落的聚落发展与文化传承共生协调评价及交互作用研究

Evaluation of symbiotic coordination and interaction between settlement development and cultural inheritance of traditional villages in Guanzhong

传统村落具有乡村聚落和活态遗产的特殊属性。以关中地区14座典型传统村落为研究对象,从共生视角出发,构建传统村落的聚落发展与文化传承共生协调评价指标体系并进行测度,采用K-modes聚类分析对传统村落进行类型划分,运用偏最小二乘回归分析聚落发展和文化传承之间的交互作用。结果表明:(1)案例村落的聚落发展与文化传承总体共生水平为“初级”,其中聚落发展与文化传承均处于较低水平,但文化传承的非均衡性更高。(2)人口活力不足、经济发展滞后是阻碍传统村落聚落发展的关键因素,物质空间保存度低、传统文化活化利用不足严重阻滞传统村落的文化传承。(3)案例村落一半以上是均衡共生型,其次是内化提升型,文旅主导型较少。(4)传统村落的聚落发展与文化传承对彼此有正向激励作用和反向抑制作用,其中正向激励作用更大。研究结果为传统村落的聚落发展与文化传承共生协调发展提供了理论基础和科技支撑。

Traditional villages possess the unique attributes of rural settlements and living heritage.This study examines 14 typical traditional villages in Guanzhong,Shaanxi Province,China using a symbiotic perspective to construct an evaluation index system for assessing the interplay between settlement development and cultural inheritance.By employing the K-modes clustering model,we categorized these villages and utilized partial least squares regression to analyze their interactions.The findings reveal that the overall symbiosis level between settlement development and cultural inheritance in the case villages is at a“primary”stage,with both elements exhibiting lower levels of development;however,cultural inheritance is notably more unbalanced.Key impediments to settlement development include a lack of population vitality and economic progression,while challenges to cultural inheritance stem from inadequate preservation of physical spaces and insufficient utilization of traditional cultural revitalization efforts.More than half of the case villages fall into the balanced symbiosis category,followed by the internalization and enhancement category,with a minority being cultural tourism-oriented.The interactions between settlement development and cultural inheritance include both positive incentives and negative inhibitions,with positive influences predominating.This research provides a theoretical framework and technological support for fostering symbiotic and coordinated development between settlement enhancement and cultural heritage in traditional villages.