安徽省耕地多功能时空分异特征及其影响因素研究

Spatial-temporal Variation Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Cultivated Land Multi-function in Anhui Province

定量分析安徽省耕地多功能时空分异格局及其变化特征,揭示相关影响因素,对保障粮食安全、推进耕地资源保护与可持续利用具有重要意义。文章利用熵值法、GIS空间可视化分析、灰色关联度法等方法,对安徽省2000—2020年耕地多功能时空分异及影响因素开展研究。结果表明:(1)耕地各功能变化趋势不尽相同,粮食生产、经济贡献功能逐年提升明显,生态维护功能、社会保障功能却逐渐呈现下降趋势;(2)耕地多功能空间分布差异明显,粮食生产功能高水平区分布在皖北平原地区,经济贡献功能高水平区主要分布在皖北平原和皖南山区南部,生态维护功能高水平区位于沿江平原,社会保障功能高水平区则主要位于沿江平原与皖南山区;(3)主要影响因素从人均耕地面积、土地垦殖率等自然地理条件向城镇化率、农村居民人均可支配收入、农业机械化总动力等社会经济和农业技术条件转变。研究结果力求为安徽省制定区域差异化、多元化的耕地保护与利用政策提供重要理论支持。

It is of great significance for ensuring food security,promoting the protection and sustainable use of cultivated land resources to quantitatively analysis the multifunctional spatiotemporal differentiation pattern and its changing characteristics of cultivated land in Anhui Province,and reveal relevant influencing factors.The methods,such as entropy method,GIS spatial visualization analysis,and grey correlation degree method,are used in this paper to study the spatiotemporal differentiation and influencing factors of multifunctional farmland from 2000 to 2020 in Anhui Province.The results of this study indicate that:(1)The trend of changes in various functions of cultivated land is not the same,with a significant increase in grain production and economic contribution functions year by year,while ecological maintenance functions and social security functions are gradually showing a downward trend;(2)There are significant differences in the spatial distribution of multifunctional farmland,with high levels of grain production functions distributed in the northern Anhui plain,high levels of economic contribution functions mainly distributed in the southern Anhui mountainous areas,high levels of ecological maintenance functions located in the Yangtze River plain,and high levels of social security functions mainly located in the Yangtze River plain and southern Anhui mountainous areas;(3)The main influencing factors are shifting from natural geographical conditions such as per capita arable land area and land reclamation rate to social,economic,and agricultural technological conditions such as urbanization rate,per capita disposable income of rural residents,and total driving force of agricultural mechanization.The above results provide important theoretical support to formulate regional differentiation and diversification policies for farmland protection and utilization in Anhui Province.