约翰·福尔克“身份动机模式”的理论与实践思考——评《博物馆观众、身份与博物馆体验》

Theoretical and Practical Reflections on John Falk s Identity-RelatedVisitor Motivation Model:A Review on Identity and the Museum Visitor Experience

在“以观众为导向”的当代博物馆语境下,如何提升博物馆观众体验不仅成为每个博物馆面临的现实挑战,同时也是博物馆观众研究领域长期关注并持续讨论的学术问题之一。基于对博物馆观众体验的整体性考察,由约翰·福尔克提出的“身份动机模式”从身份构建的角度出发,为认识和塑造博物馆观众体验提供了一种预测性的范式。本文从理论和实践两方面对“身份动机模式”进行阐述,并结合对福尔克本人学术脉络的回溯,讨论“身份动机模式”对于当今博物馆理论研究与实践变革的意义与价值。

In the context of contemporary is“visitor-oriented”museums,how to enhance the museum visitor experience has become not only a practical challenge faced by every museum,but also one of the academic issues that have long been concerned and continuously discussed in the field of museum visitor research.Based on a comprehensive study of the museum visitor experience,the John Falk s“Identity-Related Visitor Motivation Model”provides a predictive paradigm for understanding and shaping the museum visitor experience from the perspective of identity construction.This paper provides a brief overview of the“Identity-Related Visitor Motivation Model”from both theoretical and practical perspectives,and discusses its significance and value for the current theoretical research and practical transformation of museums by tracing Falk s academic history.