拉美地区宏观经济政策实践及对宏观治理的启示

Macroeconomic Policy Practices in Latin America and Implications for Macro Governance

拉美地区宏观经济政策随着不同发展模式转换呈现不同演进特征。本文基于拉美宏观经济政策的历史演变,从三个方面分析其政策实践及得失。从短期视角看,为应对外部冲击以增加经济韧性;从中长期视角看,为解决结构脆弱性以促进可持续发展;从对外全球视角看,为协调全球宏观政策以完善全球经济治理。拉美宏观经济政策的经验教训给我国完善宏观经济治理提供了重要启示,即强化政策体系的系统性、注重政策目标的权衡性、促进政策工具的创新性、增强对重大风险的防范性、保持对国际合作的开放性。与此同时,拉美国家中短期经济政策趋势也将给我国对拉投资带来机遇和挑战。

The macroeconomic policies of Latin America have shown dferent evolutionary characteristics with the transformation of different development models.Based on the historical evolution of Latin America's macroeconomic policies,this paper analyzes its policy practices and gains and losses from three aspects.From the short-term perspective,it is to cope with external shocks in order to increase economic resilience;From the medium and long-term perspective,it is to address structural vulnerability in order to promote sustainable development;And from the external global perspective,it is to coordi-nate global macroeconomic policies in order to improve global economic governance.The lessons learned from Latin America's macroeconomic policies provide important insights for China to improve its macroeconomic governance,ie.,strengthening the systemic nature of the policy system,focusing on the trade-offs of policy objectives,promoting the innovativeness of policy tools,enhancing the precautionary nature of major risks,and maintaining the openness to international cooperation.At the same time,short and medium-term economic policy trends in Latin American countries will also bring opportunities and challenges to China's investment.