2015—2020年天津市严重急性呼吸道感染病例人呼吸道合胞病毒的流行特征分析

Epidemiological characteristics of human respiratory syncytial virus in patients with severe acute respiratory infection in Tianjin City from 2015 to 2020

目的了解2015—2020年天津市严重急性呼吸道感染病例中人呼吸道合胞病毒的流行特征。方法研究资料来源于2015—2020年天津市哨点医院第三中心医院的SARI病例监测数据,有1597例SARI病例纳入研究。研究对象的临床标本进行了呼吸道多病原检测,并对HRSV阳性标本进行分型,分析不同年龄组、不同时段病例的HRSV检出率差异以及混合感染情况。结果共收集鼻咽拭子样本1597份,HRSV检出率为4.20%。67份HRSV阳性标本中单纯HRSV-A核酸阳性19份,单纯HRSV-B核酸阳性19份,HRSV-A和HRSV-B同时核酸检出阳性29份。不同年龄组HRSV检出率的差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),5岁以下儿童HRSV检出率高于其他年龄组。2016至2020年,HRSV检出率呈现出逐年递增的趋势。SARI病例冬季HRSV检出率最高,为7.15%。HRSV与其他病毒检出混合阳性10例(14.93%),其中HRSV与甲型流感病毒检出混合阳性4例。结论天津市HRSV流行高峰为冬季,2016至2020年天津市HRSV感染率呈上升趋势,5岁以下儿童是HRSV感染的高发人群。

Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of human respiratory syncytial virus(HRSV)in patients with Severe Acute Respiratory Infection(SARI)in Tianjin from 2015 to 2020.Methods The study data were obtained from the Third Center Hospital of Tianjin,a designated sentinel hospital,from 2015 to 2020,with 1597 SARI patients enrolled in this study.The clinical specimens of the research participants were subjected to respiratory multi-pathogen testing.HRSV-positive specimens were subtyped to analyze the differences in HRSV detection rates among cases of different age groups and periods and their mixed infection situations.Results A total of 1597 nasopharyngeal swabs were collected,with an HRSV detection rate of 4.20%.Among 67 HRSV-positive specimens,there were 19 pure HRSV-A nucleic acid-positive specimens,19 pure HRSV-B nucleic acid-positive specimens and 29 mixed HRSV-A and HRSV-B nucleic acid-positive specimens.The difference in HRSV detection rate among different age groups was statistically significant(P<0.05),and the HRSV detection rate in children under five years old was higher than that in other age groups.From 2016 to 2020,the detection rate of HRSV showed an increasing trend year by year.The HRSV detection rate of SARI cases was highest in the winter season,at 7.15%.There were 10(14.93%)mixed positive cases for HRSV and other viruses,of which four were mixed positive for HRSV and influenza A.Conclusion The incidence of HRSV in Tianjin exhibits an increasing trend from 2016 to 2020,peaking during the winter season,with children under five years old constituting a high-risk demographic for HRSV infection.