内蒙古自治区兴安盟35~64岁农牧区妇女乳腺癌高危人群检出情况及其影响因素分析

Prevalence of high risk for breast cancer and its associations among women aged 35 to 64 years in the agricultural and herding areas of Hinggan League,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region:a cross-sectional survey

目的了解内蒙古自治区兴安盟35~64岁农牧区妇女乳腺癌高危人群检出情况及其影响因素,为当地乳腺癌的防治工作提供科学依据。方法于2022年1—12月采用随机抽样方法在兴安盟乌兰浩特市、阿尔山市、突泉县、扎赉特旗、科尔沁右翼前旗和科尔沁右翼中旗抽取50000名35~64岁农牧区妇女作为乳腺癌筛查对象进行问卷调查、临床检查和乳腺癌高危人群评估,并应用多因素非条件logistic回归模型分析兴安盟35~64岁农牧区妇女乳腺癌高危人群的主要影响因素。结果内蒙古自治区兴安盟进行乳腺癌筛查的49831名35~64岁农牧区妇女中,检出乳腺癌高危人群13334人,乳腺癌高危人群检出率为26.76%;多因素非条件logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄45~64岁、蒙古族、文化程度中学及以上、绝经、有乳腺癌家族史、有乳腺手术和活检史、触诊有乳房皮肤改变为兴安盟35~64岁农牧区妇女乳腺癌高危人群检出的危险因素,其他少数民族、与家人同住、过去接受过乳腺检查为兴安盟35~64岁农牧区妇女乳腺癌高危人群检出的保护因素。结论内蒙古自治区兴安盟35~64岁农牧区妇女乳腺癌高危人群的检出率较低,年龄、民族、文化程度、是否与家人同住、是否绝经、有无乳腺癌家族史、过去是否接受过乳腺检查、有无乳腺手术和活检史、触诊有无乳房皮肤改变为当地农牧区妇女乳腺癌高危人群检出的主要影响因素。

Objectives To investigate the prevalence of high cancer risk and its influencing factors among women aged 35-64 years in the agricultural and herding areas of Hinggan League,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,and to provide evidence for local breast cancer prevention and control in the population.Methods Face-to-face interview with a self-designed questionnaire,clinical examination,and breast cancer screening were conducted from January to December 2022 among 5000 women aged 35-64 years recruited by random sampling in the agricultural and herding areas of six prefectures/counties/banners of Hinggan League,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region.High risk for breast cancer was assessed using the Gail model according to the determinants listed in the Guidelines and Specifications for Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment of China Anti Cancer Association-2021.Multivariate non-conditional logistic regression model was used to analyze the main factors influencing the high risk of breast cancer among the participants.Results Of the 49831 valid participants,13334(26.76%)were classified as being at high risk for breast cancer.The multivariate non-conditional logistic regression analysis showed that the participants with the following characteristics were more likely to be at high risk for breast cancer:age 45-64 years,Mongolian ethnicity,education of middle school and above,menopausal status,family history of breast cancer,history of breast surgery or biopsy,and breast skin changes on palpation;whereas belonging to other ethnic minorities,living with family members,and previous breast examination were protective factors against being at high risk for breast cancer.Conclusion The proportion of individuals at high risk of breast cancer was relatively low among women aged 35-64 years in the agricultural and herding areas of Hinggan League,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region.Age,ethnicity,education level,whether living with family members,menopausal status,family history of breast cancer,ever having had a breast examination,history of breast surgery or biopsy,and breast skin changes on palpation are the main influencing factors for having a high risk of breast cancer among women.