不同等级女子散打运动员后手直拳技术运动生物力学分析

Sports Biomechanical Analysis of the Rear Straight Punch Technique among Female Sanda Athletes of Different Levels

为探索不同等级散打运动员后手直拳技术动作之间的差异和规律,挖掘影响后手直拳击打效果的关键影响因素,本研究通过Codamotion和ME6000表面肌电系统,采集了20名运动员(健将级10名,一级10名)的运动学和肌电数据。通过分析关节角度、角速度、出拳速度、肌肉积分肌电值和贡献率等指标,旨在探索影响击打效果的关键因素。基于三维动作捕捉系统检测与表面肌电检测结果,研究表明:健将级运动员在出拳起始、结束和还原阶段的关键关节角度、角速度及出拳速度均优于一级运动员;此外,三角肌前束是后手直拳的主要做功肌肉,健将级运动员的躯干和下肢肌群贡献率更高。本研究揭示了后手直拳技术的生物力学特征,为优化训练提供了科学依据,强调了肩、膝、踝关节屈伸角度及肌肉协调性的重要性。

To explore the differences and patterns in the rear straight punch technique among female Sanda athletes of different levels and identify the key factors influencing the punching effectiveness,this study collected kinematic and electromyographic(EMG)data from 20 athletes(10 elite-level and 10 first-class athletes)using the Codamotion and ME6000 surface electromyography system.By analyzing indices such as joint angles,angular velocities,punching speeds,integrated EMG values,and muscle contribution rates,this study aimed to uncover the critical factors influencing punching effectiveness.Based on the results from the three-dimensional motion capture system and surface EMG measurements,the study revealed that elite-level athletes exhibited superior joint angles,angular velocities,and punching speeds at the initiation,completion,and recovery phases of the punch compared to first-class athletes.Furthermore,the anterior deltoid was identified as the primary muscle contributing to the rear straight punch,and elite-level athletes demonstrated higher contribution rates from trunk and lower limb muscle groups.This study elucidated the biomechanical characteristics of the rear straight punch technique,providing a scientific basis for optimizing training and emphasizing the importance of flexion-extension angles at the shoulder,knee,and ankle joints,as well as muscle coordination.