教练员领导行为影响运动员运动表现的MASEM分析

MASEM Analysis on the Effects of Coach Leadership Behaviour on Athletes'Sport Performance

研究目的:通过对教练员领导行为、运动焦虑、运动动机和训练满意感影响运动表现的纵向数据进行追踪和证实,系统综述5个变量间对运动表现的影响。研究方法:对相关文献进行检索,采用Meta分析与结构方程模型相结合的方法对纳入文献进行变量的相关性分析、路径分析以及中介效应分析。研究结果:教练员领导行为、运动焦虑、运动动机和训练满意感均可显著直接影响和预测运动员运动表现,但运动焦虑和运动动机所构成的单变量路径及链式路径出现了3个部分遮掩效应和4个部分中介效应,这种现象抵消了一部分教练员领导行为对运动表现的正向影响。研究结论:教练员应结合教训经验、项目差异、运动员个性特点等把控运动动机和运动焦虑等心理状态在一定区间,以此来提高运动员的训练满意感,抑制潜在负面影响,转化为运动表现的提高,实现运动心理科技服务助力体育强国建设。

Objective:Through longitudinally tracking and validating data of coach leadership behaviour,sports anxiety,sports motivation,and training satisfaction as influencing factors on athletes'sports performance,this study systematically examines the interrelationships among above variables and their effects on sports performance.Methodology:Through a comprehensive literature review,this study combines meta-analysis and structural equation modelling(SEMs)to analyze the correlations among variables,conduct path analysis,and assess mediating effects within the selected literature.Results:Coach leadership behaviour,sports anxiety,sports motivation,and training satisfaction all show significant direct influences and predictive capacities on athletes'sports performance.However,the univariate and chain paths formed by sports anxiety and motivation display limited suppressing effect.The remaining paths demonstrate limited mediating effect,effectively moderating some of the coach leadership behaviour's impacts on sport performance.Conclusion:Coaches are advised to regulate a series of psychological states including sports motivation and sports anxiety within a defined range,through integrating lessons from experience,accounting for sports-specific variations,and acknowledging athletes'individual characteristics.This approach is instrumental in elevating athletes'training satisfaction,restraining latent negative influences,leading to improved sports performance,and realise the sport psychology science and technology services to help the building of sporting power.