黑土地保护政策工具对农业绿色全要素生产率影响及其空间差异

Effects of Black Soil Protection Policy Instruments on Agricultural Green Total Factor Productivity and Its Spatial Differences

文章将黑土地保护政策工具分为供给型、需求型、环境型三类,基于5县区297家新型农业经营主体数据研究了黑土地保护政策工具对农业绿色全要素生产率(GTFP)的影响效果,进一步检验了作用机制与地理空间异质性。结果表明:①黑土地保护政策工具及其组合在综合效果上实现了“创新补偿”效应,显著提高了农业GTFP。②需求型政策工具对农业GTFP促进作用的边际效应最大,环境型次之,供给型最小。目前,政策工具使用比例中需求型占18.8%、环境型占30.0%、供给型占51.2%,表明市场机制作用效率高于政府直接干预。③黑土地保护政策工具对农业GTFP的影响具有地理空间异质性,其中供给型政策工具的边际效应为克山县>总样本>龙江县;需求型政策工具的边际效应为北林区>克山县>龙江县>总样本>兰西县>依安县;环境型政策工具的边际效应为克山县>龙江县>依安县>总样本>兰西县>北林区。④进一步机制分析表明,供给型政策工具通过推动规模经营、需求型政策工具通过拉动市场参与、环境型政策工具通过影响风险感知促进农业GTFP提高。

This study categorizes black soil protection policy instruments into three types:supply-oriented type,demandoriented type,and environment-oriented type.Based on the data of 297 new-type agricultural management entities in 5counties and districts,this study analyzes the effects of black soil protection policy instruments on agricultural green total factor productivity(GTFP),and further examines its mechanism and geospatial heterogeneity.The results indicate that:1)Black soil protection policy instruments and their combinations have achieved the innovation compensation effect,and significantly enhance agricultural GTFP.2)The marginal effect of the demand-oriented policy instruments on promoting agricultural GTFP is the largest,followed by the environment-oriented type,and the supply-oriented type is the least.Currently,the using proportion of policy tools is 18.8%for the demand-oriented type,30.0%for the environment-oriented type,and 51.2%for the supply-oriented type,which indicates that market mechanisms are more efficient than direct government intervention.3)The effect of black soil protection policy instruments on agricultural GTFP is geographically heterogeneous.The marginal effect of the supply-oriented policy instruments from high to low is Keshan,total sample,Longjiang respectively.The marginal effect of the demand-oriented policy instruments from high to low is Beilin,Keshan,Longjiang,total sample,Lanxi,Yi'an respectively.The marginal effect of the environment-oriented policy instruments from high to low is Keshan,Longjiang,Yi'an,total sample,Lanxi,Beilin respectively.4)The supply-oriented policy instruments improve agricultural GTFP by facilitating scale management,the demand-oriented policy instruments improve agricultural GTFP by stimulating market participation,and the environment-oriented by influencing risk perception.