果锈净对金冠苹果果锈的防治效果评价

Effect evaluation of Guoxiujing on Golden Delicious fruit rust control

苹果果锈病是一种常见的苹果果树生理性病害,其发生严重影响到苹果的外观品质及市场价值。以金冠苹果为试材树,于幼果期,设置喷施果锈净200、400、600、800、1000、2000倍液,以喷施GA4+73000倍液和果实套袋为对照,以喷清水为空白对照,通过测定果实的果锈指数和锈果率为评价指标,研究对金冠苹果果锈病的防治效果。结果显示:①喷施200~2000倍的果锈净均能降低金冠苹果果锈指数和锈果率;②喷施1000倍液时,果锈净对果锈指数和锈果率的降低达到显著水平,降低率分别为21.1%、31.5%;③几种苹果果锈防治措施中效果最佳的是果实套袋,其余两种技术措施防治效果显著但各自间并未形成显著差异,果锈净生物防治剂因具有显著优于其他两种技术措施的经济性、安全性、稳定性,因此在实际生产中更加值得推广应用。

Apple rust is a common physiological disease of apple trees,which seriously affects the appearance quality and market value of apples.Using the Golden Delicious apple as the test ma⁃terial tree,during the young fruit stage,spraying 200,400,600,800,1000 and 2000 times of fruit rust net solution was set up,with spraying GA4+73000 times solution and fruit bagging as con⁃trols,and spraying water as the blank control.The fruit rust index and rust rate measured to study the control effect of Golden Delicious apple fruit rust.The results showed that:①Spraying 200~2000 times the amount of fruit rust net had a certain effect on reducing the rust index and rust rate of Golden Delicious apples;②When spraying 1000 times the liquid,the reduction of fruit rust in⁃dex and rust rate by fruit rust net reached a significant level,with reduction rates of 21.1%and 31.5%,respectively.Among several measures for preventing and controlling apple rust,the most effective one is fruit bagging.The other two technical measures have significant control effects but no significant difference has been formed between them.The fruit rust net biological control agent is more worthy of promotion and application in practical production because it has significantly better e⁃conomic,safety,and stability than the other two technical measures.