中国制造业企业的全要素生产率:新数据、新方法与新发现

Total Factor Productivity of Chinese Manufacturing Firms:New Findings Based on New Data and New Method

基于全国税收调查数据库,本文使用改进的生产函数估计方法测算了中国制造业企业全要素生产率(TFP),得到一些新发现。静态来看,制造业企业TFP在中部地区较高,西部地区较低,东部和东北地区则出现了明显分化。动态来看,样本期间TFP增速呈现波动下降趋势;企业成长效应仍是TFP增长的主要来源,资源配置效应的贡献则先降后升。本文的研究发现有助于认识金融危机之后中国TFP变动的新特征,并为提升中国的长期增长潜力提供政策建议。

Using National Tax Survey Database(2007-2015),we estimate the production function of Chinese manufacturing firms and calculates their total factor productivity(TFP).The new findings are as follows.(1)TFP is higher in central China and lower in western China;TFP shows divergence in eastern and northeastern China.(2)TFP shows slower growth after the financial crisis,and its slower growth trend continues.(3)Technical progress contributes the most to TFP growth,while the contribution of re-source reallocation follows a V-shaped pattern.This study helps understand the new stylized facts of TFP after the financial crisis,and has important policy implications.