大山雀鸣声对同种个体栖息地选择及产卵行为的影响

The Influence of Sounds on Conspecific Habitat Selection and Egg-Laying Behaviour in Japanese Tits

鸣声是鸟类最重要的通讯方式之一,具有求偶、领域保卫和报警信息传递等作用,但鸣声作为社会信息是否影响鸟类繁殖决策的研究报道较少。本文以吉林省左家自然保护区内繁殖的大山雀(Parus minor)为研究对象,通过回放雄性大山雀的求偶鸣唱和大山雀对捕食者的报警声,检验鸣声是否影响同种个体的栖息地选择及产卵行为。结果发现,回放雄性大山雀鸣唱的样地内大山雀繁殖巢数显著增加,而回放报警声的样地内繁殖巢数和对照样地内的繁殖巢数无明显差异;回放雄性大山雀鸣唱对样地内大山雀的首枚卵产期和窝卵数无显著影响。此项研究表明,同种个体的鸣唱可作为鸟类栖息地选择的社会信息,但其繁殖适合度可能受其他因素的影响。

[Objectives]Sound is one of the most important forms of communication for birds,serving as means of courtship,domain defense and threat information transmission,and so on.However,there are few reports on whether sounds could affect the reproductive decisions of birds as social information.[Methods]In this study,we chose Japanese Tits Parus minor in the Zuojia Nature Reserve of Jilin Province as the research object,using playback experiments with males’courtship song and the conspecific alarm calls,we explored whether habitat selection and egg-laying behaviors of Japanese Tits breeders were affected by sound-based social information.The numbers of nests in the males’courtship song playback plots,the conspecific alarm calls playback plots,and control plots were compared using the Chi-square test.Generalized linear mix model(GLMMs)was used to analyze the effects of playback of males’courtship song and alarm calls on the egg-laying date and clutch size of Japanese Tits.[Results]The results showed that there was a significant increase in the number of breeding nests in the plots with playback of male’s courtship songs,while there was no difference between the numbers of nests in plots with alarm calls and control plots.But the sounds had no significant effect on the first egg laying date and the clutch size of the Japanese Tits(Fig.1).[Conclusion]This study suggests that the conspecific songs can serve as social information for bird habitat selection,but their reproductive fitness may be influenced by other factors.