血清GDF5 mRNA在慢性牙周炎患者中的水平及其与病变程度的相关性

Expression of serum GDF5 mRNA in patients with chronic periodontitis and its correlation with the degree of disease

目的分析血清生长分化因子5(GDF5)mRNA在慢性牙周炎患者中的水平及其与病变程度的相关性。方法选取2019年1月至2021年1月该院口腔科收治的慢性牙周炎患者150例作为研究组,并根据牙周检查情况分为轻度组(53例),中度组(51例),重度组(46例),另选取同期健康体检者50例作为对照组;采用实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应(qRT-PCR)检测血清GDF5 mRNA水平;采用Pearson相关分析血清GDF5 mRNA水平与牙周袋探诊深度、附着丧失水平和菌斑指数的相关性;采用Spearman相关分析GDF5 mRNA水平与病变程度的相关性;采用多因素Logistic回归分析慢性牙周炎的影响因素;绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析血清GDF5 mRNA水平对重度慢性牙周炎的预测价值。结果对照组与研究组GDF5 mRNA水平分别为1.01±0.30、0.70±0.21,研究组明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=8.061,P<0.001)。血清GDF5 mRNA水平、牙周袋探诊深度、附着丧失水平和菌斑指数在轻度组、中度组和重度组中依次升高,两两组间比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。GDF5 mRNA与牙周袋探诊深度、附着丧失水平、菌斑指数、病变程度均呈负相关(r=-0.587、-0.521、-0.628、-0.567,P<0.001)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,GDF5 mRNA水平降低是慢性牙周炎发生的危险因素(P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析结果显示,血清GDF5 mRNA预测重度慢性牙周炎的曲线下面积为0.893,灵敏度为79.23%,特异度为88.31%。结论慢性牙周炎患者血清GDF5 mRNA水平随着病变程度的加重而降低,GDF5 mRNA还可以作为预测重度慢性牙周炎的指标。

Objective To analyze the expression of serum growth differentiation factor 5(GDF5)mRNA in patients with chronic periodontitis and its correlation with the severity of the disease.Methods A total of 150 patients with chronic periodontitis who were admitted to the Department of Stomatology of Aerospace Center Hospital from January 2019 to January 2021 were selected as the study group,and were divided into mild group(53 cases),moderate group(51 cases),severe group(46 cases),and 50 healthy cases accepting physical examination during the same period were selected as the control group.The expression level of serum GDF5 mRNA was detected by real-time fluorescence quantification(qRT-PCR).Pearson method was used to analyze the correlation between the expression level of serum GDF5 mRNA and the probing depth of periodontal pocket,attachment loss level and plaque index.Spearman method was used to analyze the correlation between the expression level of GDF5 mRNA and the degree of pathological changes.Multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of chronic periodontitis.The predictive value of serum GDF5 mRNA level for severe chronic periodontitis was analyzed by Receiver Operating Characteristic(ROC)curve.Results The expression level of serum GDF5 mRNA in the control group and the study group were 1.01±0.30,0.70±0.21,which in the study group was obviously lower than that in the control group(t=8.061,P<0.001).The levels of serum GDF5 mRNA,the probing depth of periodontal pocket,attachment loss and plaque index increased sequentially in the mild group moderate group and severe group,the differences between any two groups were statistically significant(P<0.05).The expression of GDF5 mRNA correlated negatively with the probing depth of periodontal pocket,the level of attachment loss and the degree of plaque index lesions(r=-0.587,-0.521,-0.628,-0.567,P<0.001).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that decreased GDF5 mRNA was a risk factor for the occurrence of chronic periodontitis(P<0.05).The ROC curve analysis results showed that the area under the curve of serum GDF5 mRNA for predicting severe chronic periodontitis was 0.893,with a sensitivity of 79.23% and a specificity of 88.31%.Conclusion Serum GDF5 mRNA level in patients with chronic periodontitis decrease with increasing degree of lesions and can also be used as an indicator for predicting severe chronic periodontitis.