老年2型糖尿病患者衰弱前期现状及其影响因素分析

Analysis of pre-frailty status and influencing factors in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

目的调查分析某三甲医院老年2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者衰弱前期现状及其影响因素,为制定精准护理干预方案以减少该病发生提供理论依据。方法选取2018年1月至2021年12月在某三甲医院老年病内分泌科收治的170例老年T2DM患者作为研究对象,利用Fried衰弱表型定义量表将患者分为无衰弱组、衰弱前期组和衰弱组。剔除已经发展到衰弱的患者,保留无衰弱和衰弱前期的患者。收集无衰弱组、衰弱前期组患者的资料,探讨老年T2DM患者发生衰弱前期的影响因素。结果170例老年T2DM患者中,剔除已经发展到衰弱的40例患者,其余58例无衰弱,72例为衰弱前期。无衰弱组和衰弱前期组的性别、婚姻状况、T2DM病程、合并其他疾病及老年抑郁量表-15(GDS-15)、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表(PSQI)、老年人运动功能量表(GLFS)评分比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。性别、婚姻状况、T2DM病程及GDS-15、GLFS评分是老年T2DM患者发生衰弱前期的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论老年T2DM患者衰弱前期发生率较高,医护人员应特别关注女性、离婚/丧偶、T2DM病程长、有抑郁症状和运动障碍综合征的患者,针对此类人群制定精准护理干预方案,以延缓其发展到衰弱前期的进程。

Objective To investigate and analyze the pre-frailty status and its influencing factors of elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)in a tertiary hospital,and to provide a theoretical basis for formulating accurate nursing intervention programs to reduce the incidence of the disease.Methods A total of 170 elderly patients with T2DM admitted in the geriatric endocrinology department of a tertiary hospital from January 2018 to December 2021 were selected as the research objects.The patients were divided into non-frailty group,pre-frailty group and frailty group by Fried frailty phenotype definition scale.The patients who had developed to frailty were excluded,and the patients without frailty and pre-frailty were retained.The data of patients in the non-frailty group and the pre-frailty group were collected to explore the influencing factors of pre-frailty in elderly patients with T2DM.Results Among the 170 elderly patients with T2DM,40 patients who had developed to frailty were excluded,the remaining 58 patients were non-frailty,and 72 patients were pre-frailty.There were statistically significant differences in gender,marital status,T2DM course,combined with other diseases and Geriatric Depression Scale-15(GDS-15),Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI),Geriatric Locomotive Function Scale(GLFS)scores between the non-frailty group and the pre-frailty group(P<0.05).Gender,marital status,T2DM course,GDS-15 and GLFS scores were the influencing factors of pre-frailty in elderly patients with T2DM(P<0.05).Conclusion The incidence of pre-frailty in elderly patients with T2DM is high.Medical staff should pay special attention to women,divorced/widowed,patients with long course of T2DM,depression and dyskinesia syndrome,and formulate precise nursing intervention programs for this population are developed to delay its development to pre-frailty.