抗阻训练在老年冠心病合并高血压患者中的效果及对运动能力的影响

Effect and influence on athletic ability of resistance training in elderly patients with coronary heart disease complicated by hypertension

目的探讨抗阻训练在老年冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病(冠心病)合并高血压患者中的效果及对运动能力的影响。方法选择2021年1月至2023年1月于宿州市中医医院收治的老年冠心病合并高血压患者105例,采用随机数表法分为试验组(n=53)和对照组(n=52)。对照组给予常规运动康复干预,试验组给予抗阻训练干预。比较两组运动能力、心功能、血压水平变化及心血管不良事件发生情况。结果干预后两组患者峰值公斤摄氧量(AT)、峰值摄氧量(VO_(2)peak)、峰值氧脉搏(VO_(2)/HRpeak)、做功效率(dVO_(2)/WR)升高,试验组升高水平高于对照组(P<0.05);干预后两组患者左心室射血分数(LVEF)、每搏量(SV)、心脏指数(CI)升高,试验组升高水平高于对照组(P<0.05);两组患者干预前血压水平相比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。干预后两组患者收缩压、舒张压降低,试验组水平低于对照组(P<0.05);试验组患者心血管不良事件发生率3.77%,远低于对照组心血管不良事件发生率15.38%,组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论抗阻训练在老年冠心病合并高血压患者中具有较好的效果,可有效改善患者运动能力。

Objective To discuss the effect and influence on athletic ability of resistance training in elderly patients with coronary heart disease(CHD)complicated by hypertension.Methods The elderly patients with CHD complicated by hypertension(n=105)were chosen from Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Suzhou City from Jan.2021 to Jan.2023,and divided into test group(n=53)and control group(n=52)by using random digital table.The control group was intervened with routine exercise rehabilitation and test group was intervened with resistance training.The athletic ability,heart function,changes of blood pressure(BP)and occurrence of adverse cardiovascular events were compared between 2 groups.Results After the intervention,levels of anaerobic threshold(AT),maximal oxygen consumption(VO_(2)peak),maximal oxygen pulse(VO_(2)/HRpeak)and work efficiency(dVO_(2)/WR)increased in 2 groups,which was more significant in test group than those in control group(P<0.05).After the interventions levels of left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF),stroke volume(SV)and cardiac index(CI)increased in 2 groups,which was more significant in test group than those in control group(P<0.05).The difference in BP level had no statistical significance between 2 group(P>0.05)before the intervention.After the intervention,levels of systolic blood pressure(SBP)and diastolic blood pressure(DBP)decreased in 2 groups,which was more significant in test group than those in control group(P<0.05).The incidence of adverse cardiovascular events was 3.77% in test group and 15.38% in control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Resistance training has a higher effect and can improve athletic ability in elderly patients with CHD complicated by hypertension.