乡村文化和旅游公共服务融合协同水平测度及路径识别研究

Measurement of the Level of Integration and Coordination of Rural Culture and Tourism Public Service and Path Identification

文化和旅游公共服务融合作为文旅事业层面的融合,能够为产业层面融合提供有力支撑。文章将整体性治理理论引入乡村文旅公共服务融合协同发展研究,以2006一2020年30个省(区、市)为例,运用哈肯模型对文旅公共服务对象融合、服务主体融合、服务空间融合、服务功能融合之间的协同演化规律进行了分析,并利用QCA定性比较分析法,识别融合子系统不同协同发展水平下的组合路径。研究发现:(1)全国乡村文旅公共服务融合子系统发展可划分为“尝试融合”和“局部融合”两大阶段。子系统中,服务功能融合水平最高,服务主体融合水平最低;(2)2006一2012年,服务功能融合作为序参量,发挥主导作用,是融合协同朝更高级演进的必经阶段。时空演化上,全国整体融合协同水平偏低,存在极差化特征,且东中西三大地区整体波幅差异明显;(3)2013一2020年,服务功能融合和服务对象融合共同作为序参量,显著提升了整体融合协同发展水平,但仍旧缺乏极高融合协同发展等级类型,还出现了地区差异加剧和分化发展现象;(4)由路径识别可知,由低级向高级融合协同演化过程中,每一个阶段融合协同发展的重心存在显著差异,呈现由设施、组织融合向区域融合、供需要素匹配发展演化的规律,且愈趋向于融合协同发展的高级阶段,愈侧重“软件”环境的优化。

The integration of culture and tourism public services,as the integration of cultural and tourism undertakings,can provide strong support for the integration of industries.This study introduced the theory of holistic governance into the research on the coordinated development of the integration of rural culture and tourism public services.Taking 30 provinces(autonomous regions and municipalities)from 2006 to 2020 as examples,this study used the Haken model to analyze the laws of the coordinated evolution between the integration of cultural and tourism service objects,service subjects,service spaces and service functions,and uses the QCA qualitative comparison method to identify the combination path of the fusion subsystem under different collaborative development levels.The research findings are as follows:(1)The development of the integration subsystem of national rural culture and tourism public services can be divided into two major stages:"trial integration"and"local integration".In the subsystem,the service function fusion level is the highest,and the service subject fusion level is the lowest.(2)From 2006 to 2012,service function integration,as an order parameter,played a leading role,which was a necessary stage for the integration and collaborative evolution to a higher level.In terms of spatiotemporal evolution,the overall level of integration and coordination of the whole country is low,with the characteristics of extreme difference,and the overall amplitude difference of the three major regions in the east,middle,and west is obvious.(3)From 2013 to 2020,service function integration and service object integration were both used as order parameters,which significantly improved the overall level of integrated and collaborative development.However,there was still a lack of extremely high level types of integrated and collaborative development,and regional differences and differentiated development also emerged.(4)It can be seen from path identification that in the process of collaborative evolution from low-level to high-level integration,the focus of integration and collaborative development at each stage is significantly different,showing the evolution law from the integration of facilities and organizations to regional integration and the matching development of supply and demand factors,and the more it tends to the advanced stage of integration and collaborative development,the more it focuses on the optimization of the"software"environment.