中部地区居民上颌前牙矢状向牙根位置与周围牙槽骨的CBCT研究

CBCT study of sagittal root position and surrounding alveolar bone of maxillary anterior teeth in residents in Central China

目的:通过CBCT影像资料分析中部地区居民健康上颌前牙矢状向牙根位置,测量唇腭侧牙槽骨壁的厚度、牙槽骨尺寸、根尖区骨高度,为上颌前牙区即刻种植的术前计划和预后判断提供依据。方法:选取70名中部地区居民的健康上颌前牙的CBCT影像资料,分析上颌前牙牙根在矢状向的位置分类;测量唇腭侧骨壁的厚度、牙槽骨尺寸、根尖区骨高度,并分析其与矢状向牙根位置的相关性。结果:92.4%为Ⅰ类,仅3.3%为Ⅱ类,4.3%为IV类;距牙槽嵴顶2 mm处唇侧骨壁厚度Ⅰ类最小(P=0.014),根中1/3处唇侧骨壁厚度Ⅱ类最大(P=0.001),根尖处唇侧骨壁厚度为Ⅳ类<Ⅰ类<Ⅱ类(P<0.001);聘侧骨壁厚度为Ⅳ类<Ⅱ类<Ⅰ类(P<0.001)。牙槽骨宽度为Ⅰ类最大(P<0.01);牙槽骨长度为Ⅰ类<Ⅲ类<Ⅳ类,无统计学差异;根尖区骨高度依次为Ⅰ类<Ⅳ类<Ⅱ类(P=0.005)。结论:评估矢状向牙根位置及周围牙槽骨的情况包括唇聘侧骨壁厚度、牙槽骨尺寸、根尖区骨高度等对上颌前牙区的即刻种植具有重要指导意义。

Objective:To analyze the sagittal root position of healthy maxillary anterior teeth of residents in the central area through CBCT imaging data,and to measure the thickness of the alveolar bone on the labial and palatal sides,the width and height of the alveolar bone,and apical bone height.This is to provide the basis for preoperative planning and prognosis judgment of immediate implantation in maxillary anterior tooth area.Methods:CBCT images of healthy maxillary anterior teeth from 70 residents in the central region were selected,and the sagittal root position classification of maxillary anterior teeth was qualitatively analyzed.The thickness of the alveolar bone on the labial and palatal sides was measured,alveolar bone width,alveolar bone height,apical bone height,and the correlation with sagittal root position were analyzed.Results:92.4% of maxillary anterior teeth root sagital position was class Ⅰ,3.3% was class Ⅱ,and 4.3% was Ⅳ.The labial bone thickness at 2 mm apical to bone crest was smallest in class I(P=0.014).The labial bone thickness at middle third of root was largest in class Ⅰ(P=0.001).The labial bone thickness at root apex was class Ⅳ<Ⅰ<Ⅱ(P<0.001).The palatal bone thickness was class Ⅳ<Ⅱ<Ⅰ(P<0.001).The alveolar ridge width was largest in class Ⅰ(P<0.01).The alveolar ridge height was class Ⅰ<Ⅱ<Ⅳ(P>0.05).The apical bone height was class Ⅰ<Ⅳ<Ⅱ(P=0.005).Conclusion:Through the evaluation of sagittal root position and the surrounding alveolar bone,including the thickness of the alveolar bone on the labial and palatal sides,the size of the alveolar bone,and the height of the apical bone,all have important guiding significance for the immediate implantation of the maxillary anterior teeth.