2018—2022年南昌市5~<20岁儿童青少年死因及减寿分析

Analysis on causes of death and life lost among children and adolescents aged 5-<20 years old in Nanchang City during 2018 to 2022

目的了解2018—2022年南昌市5~<20岁儿童青少年的死亡特征、死亡水平及其对寿命的影响,为预防儿童青少年死亡提供理论支撑。方法收集2018—2022年南昌市死因监测系统中5~<20岁儿童青少年死亡病例,依据国际疾病分类标准(international classification of diseases,ICD-10)对根本死因进行分类和编码,计算2018—2022年南昌市5~<20岁儿童青少年的死因构成比、死亡率、标化死亡率、潜在减寿年数(potential years of life loss,PYLL)、潜在减寿率(potential years of life lost rate,PYLLR)、标化减寿年数(standardized potential years of life loss,SPYLL)及标化减寿率(standardized potential years of life loss rate,SPYLLR)指标,对儿童青少年的死因进行描述流行病学分析。结果2018—2022年南昌市5~<20岁儿童青少年的粗死亡率为20.16/10万,标化死亡率为19.76/10万,男性和女性的粗死亡率分别为22.89/10万和15.65/10万,男性粗死亡率高于女性,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=43.213,P<0.05);5~<20岁儿童青少年PYLL前3位分别是损伤中毒、肿瘤和循环系统疾病;全死因PYLL为61316.00人年,PYLLR为1130.81/10万,SPYLL为58040.65人年,SPYLLR为1070.40/10万。结论损伤中毒、肿瘤和循环系统疾病已严重威胁南昌市儿童青少年的健康,应联合各部门采取有效措施促进儿童青少年的身心健康。

Objective To understand the patterns and level of death and impact on life expectancy among the children and adolescents aged 5-<20 years old in Nanchang City from 2018 to 2022,provide theoretical support for preventing childhood and adolescent mortality.Methods The death cases of children and adolescents aged 5-<20 years old were collected in death monitoring system in Nanchang City from 2018 to 2022,and were classified and coded the basic causes of death according to the international classification of diseases(ICD-10).The descriptive epidemiological analysis was conducted by calculating the indicators of cause of death composition ratio,mortality rate,standardized mortality rate potential years of life loss(PYLL),potential years of life lost rate(PYLLR),standardized potential years of life loss(SPYLL)and standardized potential years of life loss rate(SPYLLR)of children and adolescents aged 5-<20 years old in Nanchang City from 2018 to 2022.Results From 2018 to 2022,the crude mortality rate of children and adolescents aged 5-<20 years old in Nanchang City was 20.16/100000,and the standardized mortality rate was 19.76/100000.The crude mortality rate of males(22.89/100000)was higher than that of females(15.65/100000),and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=43.213,P<0.05).Among children and adolescents aged 5-<20 years old,the top three diseases with high PYLL were injuries poisoning,tumor and circulation system disease.The total cause of death PYLL was 61316.00 person years,the PYLLR was 1130.81/100000,the SPYLL was 58040.65 person years,and the SPYLLR was 1070.40/100000.Conclusion The injuries poisoning,tumor and circulation system diseasehave seriously threatened the health of children and adolescents in Nanchang City,and relevant government departments should take effective measures to promote the physical and mental health development of children and adolescents.